Genomic characterization of HBV genotype F in Bolivia: genotype F subgenotypes correlate with geographic distribution and T1858 variant

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains were classified into eight genotypes from A to H. Genotype F, an indigenous genotype in Central and South America, has been classified into subgenotypes. An in-depth phylogenetic analysis was performed using two full-length Bolivian HBV sequences and other genotype F strains from the database. A novel nomenclature of subgenotypes of genotype F was proposed, in which Bolivia strains belonged to subgenotype F4. This subgenotype had both Leu(45) and Ile(110) in the S gene, and linked to the T(1858) in the precore. This novel nomenclature demonstrated the relation between variability of the HBV genome and the restricted geographical distribution of the virus in some parts of Central and South America.

D2: major subgenotype of hepatitis B virus in Russia and the Baltic region

“…On the basis of genetic variability of complete genomes, HBV was more recently classified into genotypes designated A-H (Okamoto et al, 1988;Naumann et al, 1993;Norder et al, 1994;Stuyver et al, 2000;Arauz-Ruiz et al, 2002). Within the genotypes, a number of subgenotypes designated with arabic numerals are now described (Kramvis et al, 2002(Kramvis et al, , 2008Norder et al, 2004;Sugauchi et al, 2004;Kurbanov et al, 2005;Banerjee et al, 2006;Huy et al, 2006;Sakamoto et al, 2006).…”

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Variants in Hemodialysis Patients

“…Recently, two novel genotypes, I and J, the former described in Laos and Vietnam (Olinger et al, 2008;Tran et al, 2008), and the latter in Japan (Tatematsu et al, 2009), have been proposed, but their designation as new genotypes is still controversial. There is a great deal of diversity within the genotypes and this has led to the division of some genotypes into different subgenotypes, such as A1-A6 in HBV of genotype A (HBV/A), B1-B8 in HBV/B, C1-C10 in HBV/C, D1-D7 in HBV/D, and F1-F4 in HBV/F (Huy et al, 2006;Kramvis et al, 2008;Lusida et al, 2008;Meldal et al, 2009;Mulyanto et al, 2009;Norder et al, 2004;Nurainy et al, 2008;Pourkarim et al, 2010;Sakamoto et al, 2006;Utsumi et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2007). …”

Genetic variability of hepatitis B virus in Uruguay: D/F, A/F genotype recombinants

“…It is subdivided into four subgenotypes (F1, F2, F3 and F4] [26]. Subtype F1 includes two clusters: F1a is related mostly to strains from Central America, and F1b comprises strains from southern South America and Alaskan natives; F3 is related to HBV strains from northern South America, and F4 includes strains from Bolivia and Argentina [25][26][27][28][29][30].…”