Genomic insights of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with reduced teicoplanin susceptibility: A case of fatal necrotizing fasciitis

Bakthavatchalam, Yamuna Devi; Ramaswamy, Boopalan; Rajinikanth, J.; Steve, Runal John; Veeraraghavan, Balaji

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2018.05.006

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…S. aureus causes serious infections, including skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, pneumonitis and bloodstream infections (2). In recent years, increasing antibiotic resistance has caused treatment challenges, which has spurred research into novel antimicrobial agents (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). In addition to the development of new antibiotics, there is an extensive research on antimicrobial compounds from natural sources.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Effect of Piceatannol, a Resveratrol Metabolite, on Staphylococcus Aureus

Güldaş¹,

Uysal²,

Ellıdokuz³

et al. 2019

J Basic Clin Health Sci

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Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the major human pathogens in both community acquired and nosocomial infections. Heavy increase of antibiotic resistance between S. aureus strains became an important public health problem in progress of time. In this study, the antimicrobial effects of piceatannol on S. aureus growth was investigated. Patients and Methods: The antimicrobial effect of piceatannol on a standard S. aureus (DSMZ 6148) strain and two clinical S. aureus strains (C1 and C2) was tested in vitro at concentrations between 0 and 750 µg/ mL. Tigecycline and gentamicin were used as positive controls. For each strain, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of piceatannol and the control antibiotics were determined separately using the broth microdilution method according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) standards at 24 and 48 h. Results: After 24 and 48 h of treatment with piceatannol, the average MIC for all tested strains was 283 µg/mL and 383 µg/mL, respectively. Bactericidal activity increased as piceatannol concentration increased for one of the three strains. After 24 and 48 h of treatment with piceatannol, the average MBC for all strains was 717 µg/ mL and 583 µg/ mL, respectively. The S. aureus strains were found to be susceptible to tigecycline and gentamicin. Conclusion: Piceatannol has antimicrobial effect against S. aureus; however, more data regarding the effects of this compound on other microorganisms and its bioavailability are needed.

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confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Effect of Piceatannol, a Resveratrol Metabolite, on Staphylococcus Aureus

Güldaş¹,

Uysal²,

Ellıdokuz³

et al. 2019

J Basic Clin Health Sci

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“…The remaining isolates (5 out of 21, 24%) had mutations in the tagO gene, which plays a role in teichoic acid synthesis as part of the cell membrane [ 59 ]. One resistant mutant had a mutation in the tcaA gene, and previous work has linked mutations in tcaA to TEC resistance [ 78 ]. This isolate also had a mutation in the vraR gene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of heteroresistance in Staphylococcus aureus is caused by a multitude of mutations in core genes

Heidarian,

Guliaev,

Nicoloff

et al. 2024

PLoS Biol

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Heteroresistance (HR) is an enigmatic phenotype where, in a main population of susceptible cells, small subpopulations of resistant cells exist. This is a cause for concern, as this small subpopulation is difficult to detect by standard antibiotic susceptibility tests, and upon antibiotic exposure the resistant subpopulation may increase in frequency and potentially lead to treatment complications or failure. Here, we determined the prevalence and mechanisms of HR for 40 clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates, against 6 clinically important antibiotics: daptomycin, gentamicin, linezolid, oxacillin, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. High frequencies of HR were observed for gentamicin (69.2%), oxacillin (27%), daptomycin (25.6%), and teicoplanin (15.4%) while none of the isolates showed HR toward linezolid or vancomycin. Point mutations in various chromosomal core genes, including those involved in membrane and peptidoglycan/teichoic acid biosynthesis and transport, tRNA charging, menaquinone and chorismite biosynthesis and cyclic-di-AMP biosynthesis, were the mechanisms responsible for generating the resistant subpopulations. This finding is in contrast to gram-negative bacteria, where increased copy number of bona fide resistance genes via tandem gene amplification is the most prevalent mechanism. This difference can be explained by the observation that S. aureus has a low content of resistance genes and absence of the repeat sequences that allow tandem gene amplification of these genes as compared to gram-negative species.

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“…Analysis of the genome sequence revealed that ST764 carried the staphylococcal enterotoxin genes seb , seg , sei , sem , sen , and seo , and was negative for the PVL genes. In another study, Bakthavatchalam and others showed genomic insights into MRSA strain of ST772 (belonging to CC1) and spa type t657 from a case of fatal necrotizing fasciitis ( Bakthavatchalam et al, 2018 ). Analysis of the genome for virulence determinants revealed the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin genes sea , seg , sei , sel , sem , seo , and sec3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus positive for a new sequence variant of exfoliative toxin E

et al. 2022

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Objectives: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) caused by S. aureus is a rare, aggressive and rapidly progressing superficial fascia infection with a high mortality rate. The aim of this study was to identify virulence-related genes from a complete genome sequence of a methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolate recovered from a monomicrobial case of NF. Materials and methods:The MSSA isolate UMCG579 was cultured from a pus collection from the subcutis of a patient with NF. The genome of isolate UMCG579 was sequenced using MinION (Oxford Nanopore) and MiSeq (illumina) platforms. Results:The genome of the UMCG579 isolate was composed of a 2,741,379 bp chromosome and did not harbor any plasmids. Virulence factor profiling identified multiple pore-forming toxin genes in the UMCG579 chromosome, including the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes, and none of the superantigen genes. The UMCG579 isolate harbored a new sequence variant of the recently described ete gene encoding exfoliative toxin (type E). A search in the GenBank database revealed that the new sequence variant (ete2) was exclusively found among isolates (n = 115) belonging to MLST CC152. While the majority of S. aureus ete-positive isolates were recovered from animal sources, S. aureus ete2-positive isolates originated from human carriers and human infections. Comparative genome analysis revealed that the ete2 gene was located on a 8777 bp genomic island. Conclusion:The combination of two heterogeneously distributed potent toxins, ETE2 and PVL, is likely to enhance the pathogenic ability of S. aureus isolates. Since anti-virulence therapies for the treatment of S. aureus infections continue to be explored, the understanding of specific pathogenetic mechanisms may have an important prophylactic and therapeutic value. Nevertheless, the exact contribution of ETE sequence variants to S. aureus virulence in NF infections must be determined.

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Genomic insights of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with reduced teicoplanin susceptibility: A case of fatal necrotizing fasciitis

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Antimicrobial Effect of Piceatannol, a Resveratrol Metabolite, on Staphylococcus Aureus

Antimicrobial Effect of Piceatannol, a Resveratrol Metabolite, on Staphylococcus Aureus

High prevalence of heteroresistance in Staphylococcus aureus is caused by a multitude of mutations in core genes

Case Report: Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus positive for a new sequence variant of exfoliative toxin E

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