Genotoxic Consequences in Common Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Valenciennes, 1844) Exposed to Selected Toxic Metals

Abstract

The primary aim of the current study was to recognize the biomarker approach as the finest tool to identify the geno-toxicological effects of copper, chromium, and lead inside the blood of grass carp using micronucleus test and comet assay. The induced micronuclei frequency in response to the administered concentrations of LC50 metals was discovered in the erythrocytes of metal-exposed fish at four-time intervals. The genotoxic effect of these metals with respect to the formation of micronuclei was ranked as chromium > lead > copper. Percentages of other cellular and nuclear abnormalities were also determined in the exposed blood films. Equally, the genotoxic studies in terms of comet assay in fish blood revealed significant deviations p < 0.05 against each of the studied metal at their respective time interval as compared with the healthy fish group. However, induced frequency of micronuclei and the calculated DNA damage were not found to be duration dependent. Consequently, copper, chromium, and lead have been explored as cytotoxic elements that can be responsible for inducing genotoxic effects in fish existing aquatic habitats.

Impact of Chlorella vulgaris Bioremediation and Selenium on Genotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity and Oxidative/Antioxidant Imbalance Induced by Polystyrene Nanoplastics in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

“…They protect against oxidative modification of lipids, DNA and proteins. This observation and explanation are in agreement with the previous studies conducted on both MPs and NPs [58][59][60][61].…”

Biochemical, Endocrine and Genetic Impairments in Response to Agrochemicals Intoxication in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

“…Our results show agreement with the findings of (Naqvi et al 2016) when they treated O. mossambicus with different pesticides and (D 'Costa et al 2018) in Danio rerio exposed to monocrotophos. Similar genotoxic effects were also reported in erythrocytes of Grass carp on exposure to chromium, lead and copper (Shah et al 2020). Likewise thiamethoxam administration also result in significant increase in micronuclei frequency in L. rohita .…”

Erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities in Cyprinus carpio L. cultivated in water bodies of agroecosystems

“…Labeo bata (Hamilton) cultivated in sewage water exhibited nuclear abnormalities and MN stemming from the presence of the heavy metals Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Mn (Talapatra and Banerjee 2007). The induction of MN in fish populations by Cr, Pb, Cd, and Ni is well documented (Poongothai et al 1996, Corduk, et al 2018, Shah et al 2021. We found high concentrations of these heavy metals in the water and sediments of the contaminated site; therefore, these heavy metals were the reason for the high ENA recorded in the blood cells of C. carpio.…”