Genotoxicity analysis of N,N‐dimethylaniline and N,N‐dimethyl‐p‐toluidine

Taningher, Maurizio; Pasquini, Rossana; Bonatti, S.

doi:10.1002/em.2850210406

Cited by 42 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This well agrees with our previous results where DMPT was able to slow down the cell cycle of osteoblastlike cells, with a reversible effect [20]. In contrast, other authors found that even a very low amount of DMPT is able to inhibit protein synthesis, causing both qualitative and quantitative changes in chromosomal arrangement [21] and even modifying the process of bone mineralization [22]. One can notice that a single assay method detects damage to a particular cell compartment or function only, while a complete description of the cell behaviour through various analysis methods is more informative.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

In vitro testing of ten bone cements after different time intervals from polymerization

Ciapetti¹,

Granchi²,

Stea³

et al. 2000

Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition

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Biological response of cells to implanted bone cement is a fundamental but often neglected issue in successful cemented implants. In this study, ten acrylic bone cements for orthopedics were assayed using two different in vitro testing methods on L929 cells. The cements were mixed as prescribed, cured for either 1 h or 7 days and then extracted in minimum essential medium (MEM) according to the ISO standard for the preparation of samples. For the evaluation of cytotoxicity, the neutral red uptake assay (NRU) and the incorporation of propidium iodide (PI) were used to detect the viability/death of cells. The two methods were shown to be well correlated (p < 0.0001) in the case of both the 1-h and the 7-day extracts. Two cements, i.e. CERIM LT and CMW2, were found to be toxic after 1-h curing through both the spectrophotometric NRU assay and the cytofluorometric assay with PI. After 7-day curing, these two cements, as well as the Zimmer-low viscosity cement, were toxic according to the NRU assay. The toxic effect of all the cements disappeared after dilution of extracts 1:2 with MEM, except in the case of CERIM LT. In the search for the component inducing the toxic effect, the possible contribution of the residual monomer was discarded on the basis of literature data and the influence of various other factors was analyzed, including the contrast medium (barium sulphate or zirconium dioxide) and the concentrations of N,N-dimethyl-paratoluidine and of benzoyl peroxide (< 1% or > or = 1%). Unlike zirconium dioxide, barium sulphate was found to damage the cells at the 1-h endpoint. Benzoyl peroxide at concentration > or = 1% was found to affect cells at the same endpoint, whereas dimethylparatoluidine had no effect regardless of the proportion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

In vitro testing of ten bone cements after different time intervals from polymerization

Ciapetti¹,

Granchi²,

Stea³

et al. 2000

Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition

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“…Our hypothesis is supported by the evidence that N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-dimethyl-ptoluidine which belong to the N-dialkylaminoaromatics, display a dose-dependent clastogenic effect (Taningher et al, 1993;Bauchinger et al, 1989;Salassidis and Bauchinger, 1990;Srivastava et al, 2004;Bomhard, 2003). According to the developmental stages of the embryo, this effect might have developed during the third week after conception when the intraembryonic mesoderm, endoderm and ectoderm form different layers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Mosaic 13q13.2-ter deletion restricted to tissues of ectodermal and mesodermal origins

Melis

Sperandeo²,

Perone³

et al. 2006

Clinical Dysmorphology

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The '13q-' syndrome shows widely variable manifestations. Investigation of the involvement of different tissues has never been reported in patients with 13q- syndrome previously. We describe a patient with mosaicism for del(13q) and clinical features of 13q- syndrome. The mother of the patient was professionally exposed to aniline colorants and glue components during the whole pregnancy. The patient had dysmorphic features, skeletal anomalies and brain malformations with agenesis of the corpus callosum, vermian hypoplasia and IVth ventricular system abnormalities. Eye examination revealed chorioretinal coloboma and irregular dispersion of retinal pigment in the right eye. The karyotype analyses and the molecular studies performed on peripheral lymphocytes, oral swab and cells of urinary tract were normal whereas a deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13 (13q13.2) was found in skin fibroblasts and in hair cells. We hypothesized that the 13q deletion arose during the third week after conception possibly due to a teratogenic effect and that tissue of mesodermal and ectodermal origin are involved. We suggest analysing a fibroblast karyotype when a diagnosis of 13q- syndrome is suspected on clinical ground. The role of teratogens in causing this type of mosaic chromosome abnormality also warrants further investigation.

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“…It has been suggested that the residual DMPT concentration in cement mantles of retrieved cemented THJRs, even after 10 years post implantation, is high enough to be of concern,20 and, if the DMPT leaches out of the mantle, it may produce many deleterious effects in the patient, such as cytotoxicity of cell replication and damage to chromosomes 21–24…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative acrylic bone cement formulations for cemented arthroplasties: Present status, key issues, and future prospects

Lewis

2007

J Biomed Mater Res

106

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All the commercially available plain acrylic bone cement brands that are used in cemented arthroplasties are based on poly (methyl methacrylate) and, with a few exceptions, have the same constituents. It is well known that these brands are beset with many drawbacks, such as high maximum exotherm temperature, lack of bioactivity, and volumetric shrinkage upon curing. Furthermore, concerns have been raised about a number of the constituents, such as toxicity of the activator (N,N,dimethyl-p-toluidine) and possible involvement of the radiopacifier (BaSO(4) or ZrO(2) particles) in third-body wear. Thus, over the years, many research efforts have been expended to address these drawbacks, culminating in a large number of alternative formulations, which may be grouped into 16 categories. Although there are a number of reviews of the large literature that now exists on these formulations, each covers only some of the categories and none contains a detailed discussion of the germane issues. The objective of the present work, therefore, was to present a comprehensive and critical review of the whole field. In addition to succinct descriptions of the cements in each category, there are explicative summaries of literature reports, a detailed discussion of several key issues surrounding the potential for use of these cements in cemented arthroplasties, and a presentation of numerous ideas for future studies.

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Genotoxicity analysis of N,N‐dimethylaniline and N,N‐dimethyl‐p‐toluidine

Cited by 42 publications

References 25 publications

In vitro testing of ten bone cements after different time intervals from polymerization

In vitro testing of ten bone cements after different time intervals from polymerization

Mosaic 13q13.2-ter deletion restricted to tissues of ectodermal and mesodermal origins

Alternative acrylic bone cement formulations for cemented arthroplasties: Present status, key issues, and future prospects

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