Geometric and physical configurations of meta‐atoms for advanced metasurface holography

Abstract

Metasurfaces consisting of subwavelength structures, so‐called meta‐atoms, have steadily attracted considerable attention for advanced holography due to their advantages in terms of high‐resolution holographic images, large field of view, and compact device volume. In contrast to conventional holographic displays using bulky conventional diffractive optical elements, metasurface holography enables arbitrary complex wavefront shaping with a much smaller footprint. In this review, we classify metasurface holography according to the meta‐atom design methodologies, which can further expand hologram functionalities. We describe light‐matter interactions, particularly in metasurface systems, using the relevant the Jones matrix to rigorously explain modulations of the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. Six different types of meta‐atoms are presented, and the corresponding achievable wavefronts that form the holographic images in the far‐field are also provided. Such a simple classification will give a straightforward approach to design and further realize advanced metasurface holographic devices.

Tunable metasurfaces towards versatile metalenses and metaholograms: a review

“…They have attracted great attention due to their ability to manipulate the properties of electromagnetic waves. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Several design methods have been proposed with various shapes and compositions of meta-atoms. 8,9 The Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase, also called geometric phase, has been investigated using rectangular-shaped meta-atoms that impart a phase delay proportional to their rotation angle.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Several design methods have been proposed with various shapes and compositions of meta-atoms. 8,9 The Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase, also called geometric phase, has been investigated using rectangular-shaped meta-atoms that impart a phase delay proportional to their rotation angle. Propagation phase has been investigated by exploiting an effective refractive index to manipulate the retardation phase by changing the volume ratio, aspect ratio, and height of meta-atoms.…”

Three-dimensional artificial chirality towards low-cost and ultra-sensitive enantioselective sensing

“…Recently proposed advanced materials, 70–72 tunable materials, 73–76 and machine-learning design methods 77–80 empower the development of chiral metamaterials. Furthermore, artificial chiral nanostructures can be utilized in various photonic applications such as chiral metamirrors, 81 metaholograms, 82–86 metalenses, 87,88 multi-mode OAM generators, 89 beam steering, 90 and color prints. 91 These applications can be further improved by analysis of current metasurface and metamaterials that use various optical responses such as Mie-resonance, 92–96 geometric phases, 97,98 nanogap plasmonics, 99,100 nonlinear optics, 101 Bragg-reflection, 102,103 and spin Hall effect.…”

Metasurface-empowered spectral and spatial light modulation for disruptive holographic displays

“…Most metasurfaces provide four DOFs, which can be understood through the relevant Jones matrix. 130 However, recently, a metasurface that utilizes six DOFs of the Jones matrix has been proposed. The two-by-two Jones matrix ( J ) has four components, and each component has two DOFs, amplitude and phase, defined as…”