Geometry-aware scattering compensation for 3D printing

Abstract

is critically limited to color reproduction on planar surfaces, to arbitrary 3D shapes. Our method enables high-fidelity color texture reproduction on 3D prints by effectively compensating for internal light scattering within arbitrarily shaped objects. In addition, we propose a content-aware gamut mapping that significantly improves color reproduction for the pathological case of thin geometric features. Using a wide range of sample objects with complex textures and geometries, we demonstrate color reproduction whose fidelity is superior to state-of-the-art drivers for color 3D printers. CCS Concepts: • Computing methodologies → Reflectance modeling; Volumetric models; • Applied computing → Computer-aided manufacturing.

Mixed integer ink selection for spectral reproduction

“…Inkjet 3D printing, the offspring of digital 2D printers, juxtaposes voxels with different colors at high volumetric resolutions resulting in unprecedented quality. The recent works address different challenges from spatial placement of materials, through halftoning [Brunton et al 2015] or contoning [Babaei et al 2017] to suppressing subsurface scattering crosstalk [Elek et al 2017] and reproducing the color of thin geometric features faithfully [Sumin et al 2019]. All these works can potentially benefit from our ink selection algorithm (see Section 7).…”

“…This is a valid assumption as the world of graphic printing is, to a great extent, scattering free. One notable exception is the recent 3D printing inks with considerable volume scattering [Sumin et al 2019;Elek et al 2017]. For these types of inks, one can use the well-known Kubelka-Munk (KM) theory [Kubelka and Munk 1931] as the ink mixing model in the optimization framework.…”

Neural light field 3D printing

“…In response to the significant volume scattering of some 3D printing inks, Elek et al [2017] proposed a color reproduction technique that preserves the texture by simulating the subsurface cross-talk between neighboring voxels. Sumin et al [2019] extended this scattering-aware approach to arbitrary 3D shapes with potentially thin geometric features. In the context of light fields, Tompkin et al [2013] and Saberpour et al [2020] used an inkjet 3D printer to build all-in-one lenticular displays on flat and curved surfaces, respectively.…”

Neural Acceleration of Scattering‐Aware Color 3D Printing

“…In the context of color reproduction, the critical problem lies in undesired optical scattering properties which significantly impact the resulting texture sharpness and color accuracy. Addressing this problem, the most recent methods [ESZ*17, SRB*19] apply an iterative scattering‐aware refinement that optimizes the arrangement of printing materials to counteract the undesired scattering and create an opaque look. The refinement procedure heavily relies on expensive Monte Carlo (MC) path tracing, which at every iteration predicts the appearance of the current volumetric materials arrangement.…”

“…The recent publication of Radiative Backpropagation (RB) [NDSRJ20] allows for practical usage of differentiable rendering without significant time or memory overheads. We show in Section 5.4 how such a general tool is applicable in the context of 3D print preparation and compare against the heuristic inverse method [SRB*19] we chose for refinement.…”