Giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayered nanowires

Abstract

Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed in a new type of nanostructured material consisting of magnetic multilayered nanowires formed by electrodeposition into nanometer-sized pores of a template polymer membrane. The composition of these nanowires is modulated over nanometer length scales with distinct magnetic and nonmagnetic metallic layers. Magnetoresistance measurements with the current perpendicular to the layers were performed on the array of parallel nanowires. GMR of about 15% was observed at room temperature on Co/Cu multilayered nanowires.

Structural and magneto-transport properties of electrodeposited bismuth nanowires

“…Recently, there has been considerable interest in fabricating nanostructured materials such as multilayers, 1 nanowires, [2][3][4][5][6] and nanoparticles, 7 as well as other composite materials. 8 Electrodeposition has the attractive features of cost-effectiveness, simplicity in operation, and the ability of deposition onto substrates with complex geometries.…”

“…The composition, morphology, and structure of the nanowires can be manipulated by growth parameters such as species, concentration, pH value of the electrodeposition bath, and deposition current density, etc. Previously, single-element metallic nanowires, 2,3 multilayered nanowires, [4][5][6] and alloy nanowires 10 have been fabricated by electrodeposition. They have already exhibited a rich variety of novel properties, including localization, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, enhanced coercivity, and giant magnetoresistance ͑GMR͒.…”

Nickel antidot arrays on anodic alumina substrates

“…Compared to other types of membranes containing arrays of nanopores, e.g. nuclear track-etched mica [14] and polycarbonates [15], and micelles [16], AAO membranes have unique properties characterized by the excellent uniformity in diameter and spacing of the pores. Our AAO membranes were fabricated by a two-step 3 anodization procedure as described previously [13].…”

Nanopillar junctions

“…Individual wires could be patterned and measured using ion-damage tracks in polycarbonate membranes (see [8]) and sequential electrodeposition of, for example, Co and Cu to create a GMR stack [9,10]. Contact to the nanowire is provided automatically from the conducting base layer deposited on the base of the membrane from which the electrochemical growth is initiated, and by continuing the deposition process until the growing wire emerges from the pore and forms a film on the opposite surface (figure 1a).…”