Giardiasis: Nutritional Implications

Solomons, Noel W.

doi:10.1093/4.4.859

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In areas where G. lamblia is endemic, treatment may not be desirable because the children are likely to become rapidly reinfected following treatment (96,231). If Giardia contributes to failure of growth and development (86,163,227), treatment, even though reinfection may occur, might allow catch-up growth (103) and might be worth the cost and effort. A drug such as albendazole, which would also treat nematode infections, might be useful in these settings; however, the requirement for 5-day dosing would make it difficult to complete therapy in many situations.…”

Section: Special Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of Giardiasis

2001

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Giardia lamblia is both the most common intestinal parasite in the United States and a frequent cause of diarrheal illness throughout the world. In spite of its recognition as an important human pathogen, there have been relatively few agents used in therapy. This paper discusses each class of drugs used in treatment, along with their mechanism of action, in vitro and clinical efficacy, and side effects and contraindications. Recommendations are made for the preferred treatment in different clinical situations. The greatest clinical experience is with the nitroimidazole drugs, i.e., metronidazole, tinidazole, and ornidazole, which are highly effective. A 5- to 7-day course of metronidazole can be expected to cure over 90% of individuals, and a single dose of tinidazole or ornidazole will cure a similar number. Quinacrine, which is no longer produced in the United States, has excellent efficacy but may be poorly tolerated, especially in children. Furazolidone is an effective alternative but must be administered four times a day for 7 to 10 days. Paromomycin may be used during early pregnancy, because it is not systematically absorbed, but it is not always effective. Patients who have resistant infection can usually be cured by a prolonged course of treatment with a combination of a nitroimidazole with quinacrine

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Section: Special Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Illness can last several months if untreated and can be characterized by continued exacerbations of diarrheal symptoms. With chronic illness, malabsorption of fat, lactose, vitamin A, and vitamin B 12 are reported, and failure of children to thrive has been noted (86,112,149,184,227).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Giardiasis

2001

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“…This is specially remarkable in the case of Giardia lamblia, an enteroparasite known to colonize the intestine of the host and remain there for long periods (Solomon, 1982). The outcome of infection .by enteropathogens in newborns may be related both to the properties of the agent and to the characteristics of the neonatal intestinal mucosa.…”

Section: I)iscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faecal excretion of rotavirus and other enteropathogens in newborns of the high and low socio-economic stratum in Santiago, Chile

et al. 1988

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SUMMARYFaecal excretion of enteropathogens was studied in newborns in their first week of life. Rotavirus was investigated in 225 neonates, of whom 107 belonged to the low socio-economic stratum (SES) and 118 to the high SES. Half of each group were delivered by caesarean section. Rotavirus was detected in 10 infants (4 4 %). Eight of them had been in the same ward and excreted the same viral electrophoretype. Enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 8 out of 57 (14-0 %) newborns. Positive cultures were equally distributed by SES and route of delivery. Giardia lamblia was the only parasite detected, in one infant (2-6 %) of the high SES. None of the children developed symptoms. Faecal excretion of enteropathogens ended spontaneously within a week in all cases. It is suggested that the lack of symptomatology and the spontaneous termination of the faecal excretion are related to immaturity of the small intestinal mucosa, that does not allow the completion of the steps that must take place during a successful infectious event.

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“…The infection may cause severe diarrhea and malabsorption syndrome resulting in growth retardation and poor psychomotor development of children [2,9]. Giardia infection also results in reduced hemoglobin (Hb) level and hypoalbuminemia [10][11][12]. Most of the infected individuals tend to be asymptomatic making the control of this parasite a difficult task [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Giardiasis among Children in District Anantnag of Kashmir Valley, India

Abdullah¹,

Tak²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2016

J Gastro Hepato Dis

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The present study aims to determine the prevalence of giardiasis among different age groups, sexes and rural/urban categories of children in district Anantnag of Kashmir valley and to find out the risk factors associated with it. A total of 268 samples were collected out of which 8.2% were found to be positive for giardiasis. The prevalence rate was significantly higher in case of male children (10.4%) than in females (6.29%). The prevalence rate was highest in the age group of 5-8 years (13.7%) and least in the age group of 13-15 years (3.88%). The difference in prevalence rate among different age groups was statistically significant. Rural urban comparison showed that children in rural areas (9.87%) were more infected than the children in urban areas (6.03%). Source of drinking water, defecation site, education of mother and personal hygiene proved to be important factors which influenced the prevalence rates among children.

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Giardiasis: Nutritional Implications

Cited by 46 publications

References 72 publications

Treatment of Giardiasis

Treatment of Giardiasis

Faecal excretion of rotavirus and other enteropathogens in newborns of the high and low socio-economic stratum in Santiago, Chile

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Giardiasis among Children in District Anantnag of Kashmir Valley, India

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