Global analysis of plasticity in turgor loss point, a key drought tolerance trait

Bartlett, Megan K.; Ya, Zhang; Kreidler, Nissa; Sun, Shanwen; Ardy, Rico Chandra; Cao, Kun‐Fang; Sack, Lawren

doi:10.1111/ele.12374

Cited by 267 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…This observation supports the finding of Bartlett et al [10,23] and others [25] that πtlp is an adaptive trait whereby a lower πtlp allows species to tolerate increased aridity in terms of lower precipitation and/or increased evaporative demand. Furthermore, the relationship between πtlp and MAPD was also maintained among the eucalypt spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Osmotic adjustment is widely evaluated in order to compare drought tolerance among differing species and genotypes [23], however elastic adjustment or increased elasticity (lower ε) can potentially buffer against steep declines in water status [5,34]. The relatively weak relationship we observed between differential modes of turgor maintenance; osmotic adjustment and bulk tissue elasticity versus aridity suggests no consistent shift in determinants of leaf turgor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The vast majority of studies were conducted on plants that were either sampled during periods of high water availability or under well-watered conditions (in the case of experimental studies). Values of πtlp obtained under non-stressed conditions have shown to be good predictors of any subsequent changes in πtlp in response to water deficit [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Adaptation of Leaf Water Relations to Climatic and Habitat Water Availability

Mitchell

O’Grady

2015

Forests

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Successful management of forest systems requires a deeper understanding of the role of ecophysiological traits in enabling adaptation to high temperature and water deficit under current and anticipated changes in climate. A key attribute of leaf water relations is the water potential at zero turgor (πtlp), because it defines the operating water potentials over which plants actively control growth and gas exchange. This study examines the drivers of variation in πtlp with respect to species climate of origin and habitat water availability. We compiled a water relations database for 174 woody species occupying clearly delineated gradients in temperature and precipitation across the Australian continent. A significant proportion of the variability in πtlp (~35%) could be explained by climatic water deficit and its interaction with summertime maximum temperature, demonstrating the strong selective pressure of aridity and high temperature in shaping leaf water relations among Australian species. Habitat water availability (midday leaf water potential), was also a significant predictor of πtlp (R 2 = 0.43), highlighting the importance of species ecohydrologic niche under a set of climatic conditions. Shifts in πtlp in response to both climatic and site-based drivers of water availability emphasises its adaptive significance and its suitability as a predictor of plant performance under future climatic change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Adaptation of Leaf Water Relations to Climatic and Habitat Water Availability

Mitchell

O’Grady

2015

Forests

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“…Although contrary to our hypotheses, the occurrence of g S Ψ 95 at more negative water potentials than π tlp is consistent with previous findings that the guard cells that control stomatal aperture (38) are largely isolated from bulk leaf turgor (28). Notably, many species are known to adjust π tlp under water stress to improve drought tolerance (39), but only a few species were assessed for drought response traits during the dry season. Although moderate plastic shifts would tend to be toward the direction of greater tolerance and, thus, unlikely to affect the sequence of traits, further studies are needed to evaluate the degree to which plasticity in π tlp , or in other traits, impacts this sequence.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

The correlations and sequence of plant stomatal, hydraulic, and wilting responses to drought

Bartlett

Klein

Jansen

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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418

346

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Climate change is expected to exacerbate drought for many plants, making drought tolerance a key driver of species and ecosystem responses. Plant drought tolerance is determined by multiple traits, but the relationships among traits, either within individual plants or across species, have not been evaluated for general patterns across plant diversity. We synthesized the published data for stomatal closure, wilting, declines in hydraulic conductivity in the leaves, stems, and roots, and plant mortality for 262 woody angiosperm and 48 gymnosperm species. We evaluated the correlations among the drought tolerance traits across species, and the general sequence of water potential thresholds for these traits within individual plants. The trait correlations across species provide a framework for predicting plant responses to a wide range of water stress from one or two sampled traits, increasing the ability to rapidly characterize drought tolerance across diverse species. Analyzing these correlations also identified correlations among the leaf and stem hydraulic traits and the wilting point, or turgor loss point, beyond those expected from shared ancestry or independent associations with water stress alone. Further, on average, the angiosperm species generally exhibited a sequence of drought tolerance traits that is expected to limit severe tissue damage during drought, such as wilting and substantial stem embolism. This synthesis of the relationships among the drought tolerance traits provides crucial, empirically supported insight into representing variation in multiple traits in models of plant and ecosystem responses to drought. drought tolerance | stem hydraulics | leaf hydraulics | stomatal closure | turgor loss point P lants worldwide are expected to face more frequent and severe droughts under climate change (1). Characterizing drought tolerance for diverse species is key to improved predictions of ecosystem responses to global change (2), and ecological and phylogenetic patterns have been established across many species for individual drought tolerance traits (3-7). However, plant drought tolerance is determined by multiple traits. The relationships among traits within plants and across species have not been evaluated for general patterns across global plant diversity. We synthesized the published data to elucidate global patterns in the relationships among stomatal, hydraulic, and leaf mesophyll drought tolerance traits. We evaluated the roles of functional coordination, covariance with water stress, and shared ancestry in driving trait correlations across species. Additionally, we focused on clarifying relationships among drought tolerance traits within plants of given species, i.e., determining the sequence of their water potential thresholds.Classical drought tolerance traits quantify the water potentials that induce declines in key physiological processes, such as stomatal conductance, hydraulic conductivity, and cell turgor pressure. Previous studies have shown that these water potential thresholds are i...

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“…According to Bartlett et al [38], the investment of energy and carbon reserves, and the consequent osmoregulation, is a crucial process underlying plant acclimation to drought conditions and influencing the interaction of water withholding with other stressors (i.e., O 3 ). According to previous studies [38][39][40][41][42], the measurements of leaf water status and osmolyte contents show clearly that osmotic adjustments were adopted by Q. cerris subjected to drought stress, irrespective of the imposition of O 3 . In particular, cellular water status in WS/O 3 − was more compromised than in WS/O 3 + plants and this was associated with a greater increase of ABA and a concomitant accumulation of proline.…”

Section: Leaf Water Status and Osmolyte Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Talk between Physiological and Metabolic Adjustments Adopted by Quercus cerris to Mitigate the Effects of Severe Drought and Realistic Future Ozone Concentrations

Cotrozzi

Remorini

Pellegrini

et al. 2017

Forests

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Global climate change represents a moving target for plant acclimation and/or adaptation, especially in the Mediterranean basin. In this study, the interactions of severe drought (20% of the effective daily evapotranspiration) and O 3 fumigation (80 ppb, 5 h day −1 , for 28 consecutive days) on (i) photosynthetic performance, (ii) cell membrane stability, (iii) hydric relations, (iv) accumulation of compatible solutes, and (v) lipophilic antioxidant compounds were investigated in young Quercus cerris plants. In addition to the typical drought-induced stomatal closure, imposition of water withholding dramatically influenced the profile of stress-associated metabolites, i.e., abscisic acid (ABA), proline, and lipophilic antioxidants. However, plants were not able to delay or prevent the negative effects of water deficit, the greatest impacting factor in this study. This translated into a steep decline of photosynthetic efficiency, leaf hydration, and membrane fluidity and permeability. When water stress was coupled with O 3 , plants orchestrated cross-talk among ABA, proline, and sugar in fully-expanded mature leaves, partially leading to a premature senescence.

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Global analysis of plasticity in turgor loss point, a key drought tolerance trait

Cited by 267 publications

References 116 publications

Adaptation of Leaf Water Relations to Climatic and Habitat Water Availability

Adaptation of Leaf Water Relations to Climatic and Habitat Water Availability

The correlations and sequence of plant stomatal, hydraulic, and wilting responses to drought

Cross-Talk between Physiological and Metabolic Adjustments Adopted by Quercus cerris to Mitigate the Effects of Severe Drought and Realistic Future Ozone Concentrations

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