Global coastal wetland change under sea-level rise and related stresses: The DIVA Wetland Change Model

Abstract

To Whom It May Concern We have extensively revised the manuscript 'Global coastal wetland change under sealevel rise and related stresses: the DIVA Wetland Change Model' by Spencer and coauthors, for further consideration for publication in Global and Planetary Change. We believe that we have addressed all the comments and queries raised by the reviewers in detail and in full. Our 'response to referees' indicates where on a manuscript the responses have been made. We believe that these responses have resulted in a significantly improved paper and we thank the referees and the editorial team for the opportunity to respond to the criticism of the original submission. We maintain the separation of the general narrative from a more specific set of technical issues raised in the supplementary material; we believe that this decision helps meet the journal's concern to present problems and results in a way that is suitable for a broad readership. However, for ease of review we include the Supplementary Material at the end of the revised manuscript. The manuscript has been prepared to conform to the instructions for contributors. This material has not been previously published elsewhere, nor is it under consideration for publication elsewhere. All the authors have approved this submission. There are no closely related manuscripts that have been submitted or are in press. As far as I am aware, there are no actual or potential conflicts of interest, of a financial, personal or other kind, with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence, or be perceived to influence, this work. No funding source has had any involvement in the study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of the data, in the writing of the manuscript and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

Wind Wave Behavior in Fetch and Depth Limited Estuaries

“…The many benefits of estuaries include nursery grounds for fisheries, habitat for migratory birds, and nutrient filters for improved water quality, which consequently contribute to the economy through commercial fishing, tourism, and recreational activities123. The growing risks of wetland loss in these coastal ecosystems jeopardize their significant ecosystem services, demanding for more intense efforts to protect and restore these coastal landscapes456. A critical feature of such restoration projects is to understand how erosion may contribute to wetland loss in these shallow environments, where depth and fetch are perceived to limit wave generation.…”

Systematic Sensitivity Analysis of the Full Economic Impacts of Sea Level Rise

“…The projected global mean SLR for 2050 and the uncertainty distribution (5th, 17th, 50th, 83th, 95th and 99th percentiles) are derived from Jevrejeva et al (2014). Those values are then used in the DIVA model to estimate the land losses due to submergence and expected sea-flood damage costs due to SLR for each percentile separately (e.g Spencer et al 2016).…”

Impacts of Holocene and modern sea‐level changes on estuarine mangroves from northeastern Brazil

“…Globally, sea level is predicted to rise in the ranges of 53-77 cm (Nerem et al, 2018), 38-73 cm for RCP6.0 and 52-98 cm for RCP8.5 by 2100 (IPCC, 2013). Spencer et al, 2016). Mangroves tend to establish and develop along muddy tidal flats, where the equilibrium topographic profiles are largely determined by the interaction of multiple environmental factors, including river discharge, the local tidal prism, hydrodynamics such as wave action and littoral currents, sediment supply rates, sediment type and coastal topography.…”