Global impact of mutation-derived varieties

Ahloowalia, B. S.; Małuszyński, M.; Nichterlein, K.

doi:10.1023/b:euph.0000014914.85465.4f

Cited by 524 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This is no different from the spontaneous changes known as micro-translocations that can occur naturally in plant genomes or as a consequence of deliberate mutation breeding (van Harten 1998). During the past 70 years, over 2,250 new crop cultivars have been released either directly following mutagenic treatment or from progeny of the mutagenised lines, 60% of which have been released since 1985 (Ahloowalia et al 2004). The majority of these new cultivars (89%) were induced through radiation treatments.…”

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intragenic vectors for gene transfer without foreign DNA

et al. 2006

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The intragenic vector system involves identifying functional equivalents of vector components from the genome of a specific crop species (or related species to which it can be hybridised) and using these DNA sequences to assemble vectors for transformation of that plant species. This system offers an attractive alternative to current genetic engineering strategies where vectors are based on DNA sequences that usually originate from bacteria. The construction of intragenic vectors enables the well-defined genetic improvement of plants with all transferred DNA originating from within the gene pool already available to plant breeders. In this manner genes can be introgressed into elite cultivars in a single step without linkage drag and without the incorporation of foreign DNA. The resulting plants are non-transgenic, although they are derived using the tools of molecular biology and plant transformation. The use of intragenic vectors for the transfer of genes from within the gene pools of crops may help to alleviate some of the major public concerns over the deployment of GM crops in agriculture, notably the ethical issue associated with the transfer of DNA across wide taxonomic boundaries. This paper reviews the progress toward the development and use of intragenic vectors and the implications of their use for the genetic improvement of crops.

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Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intragenic vectors for gene transfer without foreign DNA

et al. 2006

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“…Other somaclonal variants of Cavendish namely GCTCv-53 and GCTCv-119 identified, which showed resistance to fusarium wilt (Hwang and Ko 2004), has given the hopes to improve the crop using this technique which is faster than conventional breeding in banana. Mutagenesis has been established as an efficient tool for forward and reverse genetic approaches and plant breeding (Ahloowalia et al 2004;Henikoff et al 2004). However, it is a complex process to employ in vegetatively propagated plants.…”

Section: Breeding/biotechnological Aspects Of Developing Tolerant Culmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant defense response against Fusarium oxysporum and strategies to develop tolerant genotypes in banana

Swarupa

Ravishankar

Rekha

2014

Planta

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“…Nearly 80 % of these crop varieties are seed propagated, almost half of which (48 %) are cereals. Ahloowalia et al (2004) and Kharkwal and Shu (2009) provided overviews of the contributions of these mutant crop varieties to food security and nutrition and economic wellbeing. Widely cultivated rice varieties in Australia, China, India, Pakistan and Thailand; sunflower and peppermint in the USA; barley in many countries of Europe; sorghum in Mali; and several ornamental plants in India, the Netherlands and Germany are a few such examples.…”

Section: Elite Crop Varieties Developed Through Induced Mutationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Widely cultivated rice varieties in Australia, China, India, Pakistan and Thailand; sunflower and peppermint in the USA; barley in many countries of Europe; sorghum in Mali; and several ornamental plants in India, the Netherlands and Germany are a few such examples. The high-yielding and dwarf mutant cultivars of barley, 'Diamant' and 'Golden Promise', for instance, and their progenies are credited with additional billions of dollars in revenues for the brewing and malting industries in Europe (Ahloowalia et al 2004). Other examples include most of the varieties of durum wheat grown in Italy for pasta and marketed worldwide; the Rio Star grapefruit in the USA; the Japanese pear variety, 'Gold Nijesseiki'; and the cotton variety, NIAB78, in Pakistan.…”

Section: Elite Crop Varieties Developed Through Induced Mutationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenesis for Crop Breeding and Functional Genomics

Jankowicz-Cieślak

Chikelu

Till

2016

Biotechnologies for Plant Mutation Breeding

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Genetic variation is a source of phenotypic diversity and is a major driver of evolutionary diversification. Heritable variation was observed and used thousands of years ago in the domestication of plants and animals. The mechanisms that govern the inheritance of traits were later described by Mendel. In the early decades of the twentieth century, scientists showed that the relatively slow rate of natural mutation could be increased by several orders of magnitude by treating Drosophila and cereals with X-rays. What is striking about these achievements is that they came in advance of experimental evidence that DNA is the heritable material. This highlights one major advantage of induced mutations for crop breeding: prior knowledge of genes or gene function is not required to successfully create plants with improved traits and to release new varieties. Indeed, mutation induction has been an important tool for crop breeding since the release of the first mutant variety of tobacco in the 1930s. In addition to plant mutation breeding, induced mutations have been used extensively for functional genomics in model organisms and crops. Novel reverse-genetic strategies, such as Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING), are being used for the production of stable genetic stocks of mutant plant populations such as Arabidopsis, barley, soybean, tomato and wheat. These can be kept for many years and screened repeatedly for different traits. Robust and efficient methods are required for the seamless integration of induced mutations in breeding and functional genomics studies. This chapter provides an overview of the principles and methodologies that underpin the set of protocols and guidelines for the use of induced mutations to improve crops.

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Global impact of mutation-derived varieties

Cited by 524 publications

References 23 publications

Intragenic vectors for gene transfer without foreign DNA

Intragenic vectors for gene transfer without foreign DNA

Plant defense response against Fusarium oxysporum and strategies to develop tolerant genotypes in banana

Mutagenesis for Crop Breeding and Functional Genomics

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