Gluconobacter thailandicus sp. nov., an acetic acid bacterium in the .ALPHA.-Proteobacteria

Abstract

Four strains of acetic acid bacteria were isolated from flowers collected in Thailand. In phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and 16S-23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequences, the four isolates were located in the lineage of the genus Gluconobacter and constituted a separate cluster from the known Gluconobacter species, Gluconobacter oxydans, Gluconobacter cerinus, and Gluconobacter frateurii. In addition, the isolates were distinguished from the known species by restriction analysis of 16S-23S rDNA ITS region PCR products using three restriction endonucleases Bsp1286I, MboII, and AvaII. The DNA base composition of the isolates ranged from 55.3-56.3 mol% G؉C. The four isolates constituted a taxon separate from G. oxydans, G. cerinus, and G. frateurii on the basis of DNA-DNA similarities. Morphologically, physiologically, and biochemically, the four isolates were very similar to the type strains of G. oxydans, G. cerinus, and G. frateurii; however, the isolates were discriminated in their growth at 37°C from the type strains of G. cerinus and G. frateurii, and in their growth on Larabitol and meso-ribitol from the type strain of G. oxydans. The isolates showed no acid production from myo-inositol or melibiose, which differed from the type strains of the three known species. The major ubiquinone homologue was Q-10. On the basis of the results obtained, Gluconobacter thailandicus sp. nov. was proposed for the four isolates. The type strain is isolate

Intrageneric structure of the genus Gluconobacter analyzed by the 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer sequences

“…thailandicus, which was proposed by Tanasupawat et al (2004), can be discriminated from G. cerinus and G. frateurii for its growth at 37°C and from G. oxydans for its growth on meso-ribitol and L-arabitol. In this study, one strain designated as G. frateurii NBRC 3254 and seven strains of G. oxydans (NBRC 3172,3255,3256,3257,3258,3289,and 3291) constituted group 2 together with G. thailandicus F149-1 T and F142-1 in both 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA ITS analyses.…”

“…Physiologically they lack acetate and lactate oxidation, and chemotaxonomically they possess a major ubiquinone comprised of Q-10. In the genus Gluconobacter, six species, namely Gluconobacter albidus (ex Kondo and Ameyama) Yukphan et al 2005, 983 VP , Gluconobacter asaii (De Lay, 1961;Mason and Claus, 1989;Tanasupawat et al, 2004;Yamada and Akita, 1984;Yukphan et al, 2004b). Since the type and representative strains of G. asaii exhibited high degrees of DNA-DNA relatedness to the type strain of G. cerinus, G. asaii is currently regarded as a junior subjective synonym of G. cerinus (Katsura et al, 2002).…”

Heterogeneity of Strains Assigned toGluconobacter frateuriiMason and Claus 1989 Based on Restriction Analysis of 16S-23S rDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions

“…frateurii/ G. thailandicus 7,9) and related especially to G. frateurii phenotypically and molecular-biologically. 9) For species-level identification and classification of Gluconobacter strains, phenotypic characteristics such as acid production from sugars and sugar alcohols and assimilation of carbon compounds are generally utilized, [1][2][3][4][5]7,9,11) but data obtained by phenotypic characterization are sometimes unreliable. On the other hand, DNA-DNA hybridization is required as a decisive criterion for the species-level classification and identification, but this technique is laborious and it is impossible to construct databases.…”

“…2) Recently, the additional two species, Gluconobacter albidus (ex Kondo and Ameyama 1958) Yukphan et al 2005, 983 VP and Gluconobacter thailandicus Tanasupawat et al 2005, 983 VP were described. [7][8][9][10] Of the two new species, G. albidus was located phylogenetically in the sublineage of G. oxydans/G. albidus, 7) but G. thailandicus was located in the sublineage of G. cerinus/G.…”

Screening and identification of xylanase-producing bacteria from Thai soils

“…Photobiotin labelling DNA-DNA hybridization was determined in 2ϫ SSC (saline trisodium citrate) and 50% formamide solution at 39 or 52°C for 15 h (Ezaki et al, 1989). The 16S rRNA gene of the isolate was amplifed, purified, and sequenced as described previously (Tanasupawat et al, 2004). The sequences determined were aligned with the selected sequences obtained from the GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ database employing CLUSTAL_X version 1.81 (Thompson et al, 1997).…”