Glucose-induced Thermogenesis in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Obese Subjects

Golay, Alain; Schütz, Y.; Hu, Meyer; Thiébaud, D.; Curchod, B; Maeder, E.; Jp, Felber; Jéquier, E

doi:10.2337/diacare.31.11.1023

Cited by 158 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…However, the tendency for the energy expenditure to decrease in the subjects of group Illa (-0.114±0.063 kJ/min) during the insulin infusion was reversed after weight loss (+0.135±0.082 kJ/min) (P < 0.05). 10 of the 12 subjects showed a greater response after weight loss. In the five subjects of group Illa in whom the glucose infusion was started at least 35 min after beginning the insulin infusion, there was a decline (P < 0.05) in energy expenditure from 5.156±0.254 kJ/min during the base-line period to 4.970±0.215 kJ/min during the insulin infusion.…”

Section: Data Calculation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

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Thermic effect of infused glucose and insulin in man. Decreased response with increased insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Ravussin¹,

Bogardus²,

Schwartz³

et al. 1983

J. Clin. Invest.

173

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A B S T R A C T The thermic effect of infused glucose and insulin was measured by combining the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique with indirect calorimetry, in 10 normal weight volunteers (group I), 7 obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance (group II), and 13 obese subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus before (group IIIa) and after weight loss of 10.8±0.4 kg (group IIIb).During hyperinsulinemia (760-1,100 pmol/liter), total glucose disposal from combined endogenous production and glucose infusion was 545±49, 441±70, 233±35, 231±31 mg/min and energy expenditure changed by +0.476±0.080, +0.293±0.095, -0.114 ±0.063, and +0.135±0.082 kj/min in group I, II, lIla, and IlIb, respectively. The increased energy expenditure correlated with glucose storage (measured cost of processing the glucose: 1.33 kJ/g). In group IIIa there was no increase in energy expenditure in response to glucose and insulin infusions. After therapy (group IIlb) there was a significant recovery (P < 0.05) of the thermic effect of infused glucose although total glucose disposal was unchanged. It is proposed that the recovered thermic effect of infused insulin/glucose is due to the different contributions of gluconeogenesis in the fasting state and during the glucose clamp before and after weight loss. In addition we hypothesize that some of the lower thermic effect of food reported in obese noninsulin-dependent diabetics may be explained by decreased energy expenditure due to a greater suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis as well as by lower storage rate.

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Section: Data Calculation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Recently, a reduced thermic effect of a meal in obese subjects, in comparison with that of normal weight subjects, has been reported, (6)(7)(8)(9)(10). It has been postulated that this decreased dietary-induced thermogenesis might be involved in the etiology of obesity or the maintenance of the obese state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermic effect of infused glucose and insulin in man. Decreased response with increased insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Ravussin¹,

Bogardus²,

Schwartz³

et al. 1983

J. Clin. Invest.

173

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“…Because a negative correlation between TEF and percent body fat has been reported, it can be suggested that this negative relationship exists independent of insulin resistance. Golay et al (36) examined TEF in relation to the degree of glucose intolerance. TEF was -10% in young individuals of normal weight and decreased with age and glucose intolerance, i.e., insulin resistance.…”

Section: Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Thermic Effect of Food and Obesity: A Critical Review

1997

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DE JONGE, LILIAN, GEORGE BRAY. The thermic effect of food and obesity: A critical review. Obes Res. 199735622-631.This review has examined the factors that influence the thermic effect of food (TEF) by evaluating 49 studies that have compared subjects who are obese with those who are lean. Meal size, meal composition, the nature of the previous diet, insulin resistance, physical activity, and ageing influence TEF. In the studies of individuals who are obese or lean, of those who used intravenous glucose infusions, all but one found an impaired thermic response. A total of 29 out of 49 studies of individuals of normal weight or with obesity were identified where there was no difference in age between the groups, and where the subjects who were "overweight" were clearly obese. Of these 29,22 reported a statistically significant reduction in TEF, 3 studies were not designed to look primarily at the effect of obesity on TEF, and the other 4 may not have had sufficiently palatable meals. From this review, we conclude that the reduction of TEF in obesity is related to the degree of insulin resistance, which may be influenced by a low level of sympathetic activity.

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“…21 It has been reported that obese patients having a long history of overweight as well as patients at the onset of obesity exhibit a decreased glucose-induced thermogenesis. 11,13,14 The factors involved in this defect are still under debate. On the one hand, a defective sympathetic response to food intake has been reported in Pima Indians who exhibit a high prevalence of obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose-induced sympathetic activity and energy expenditure during acute α2-adrenergic antagonism in obese subjects

et al. 2000

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of an a 2 -adrenoceptor antagonist, idazoxan, on the sympathetic nervous system and on energy expenditure responses after an oral glucose load, in obese patients. (idazoxan acts as an indirect sympathomimetic drug through blockade of presynaptic a 2 -adrenoceptors). DESIGN: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled cross-over study. Idazoxan (40 mg) or placebo were administered orally 90 min before a 100 g oral glucose load. SUBJECTS: Twelve long-standing obese subjects (six men and six women, age range from 24 to 45 y, body mass index range from 30.2 to 41.3 kgam 2 ). MEASUREMENTS: Energy expenditure was derived from oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production according to indirect calorimetry. Plasma samples were obtained for plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline, glucose, non-esteri®ed fatty acid (NEFA), glycerol and insulin determinations. RESULTS: The plasma noradrenaline concentration response to the glucose load was signi®cantly higher after idazoxan than after placebo administration. The time-course of glucose load-induced thermogenesis was not signi®cantly different after administration of idazoxan nor placebo. Idazoxan administration did not modify the insulin, non-esteri®ed fatty acids or glycerol concentration responses to the glucose load. Neither heart rate nor blood pressure values were modi®ed by idazoxan when compared to placebo. However, idazoxan signi®cantly improved glucose tolerance. CONCLUSION: The a 2 -adrenergic antagonist idazoxan increases glucose-induced sympathetic activity but not energy expenditure in obese subjects. These data do not argue for the development of a a 2 AR antagonist compounds as antiobesity treatment.

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Glucose-induced Thermogenesis in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Obese Subjects

Cited by 158 publications

References 0 publications

Thermic effect of infused glucose and insulin in man. Decreased response with increased insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Thermic effect of infused glucose and insulin in man. Decreased response with increased insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

The Thermic Effect of Food and Obesity: A Critical Review

Glucose-induced sympathetic activity and energy expenditure during acute α2-adrenergic antagonism in obese subjects

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