Glucosinolate Accumulation and Related Gene Expression in Pak Choi (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis var. communis [N. Tsen & S.H. Lee] Hanelt) in Response to Insecticide Application

Abstract

Glucosinolates and their breakdown products are well-known for their cancer-chemoprotective functions and biocidal activities against pathogens and generalist herbivores. Insecticides are commonly used in the production of pak choi (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis var. communis [N. Tsen & S.H. Lee] Hanelt). We studied the effects of four commonly used insecticides, namely, β-cypermethrin, acephate, pymetrozine, and imidacloprid, on glucosinolate metabolism in pak choi. All insecticides significantly increased both the transcription of glucosinolate biosynthetic genes and the aliphatic and total glucosinolate accumulations in pak choi. β-Cypermethrin and acephate caused gradual and continuous up-regulation of gene expression from 0.5 to 24 h after treatment, whereas pymetrozine and imidacloprid did so more rapidly, reaching a peak at 1 h and returning to normal at 3 h. Our findings indicate that the four insecticides affect glucosinolate metabolism in pak choi plants to various degrees and suggest that glucosinolates may be involved in plant insecticide metabolism.

CaSO4 Increases Yield and Alters the Nutritional Contents in Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Var. italica) Microgreens under NaCl Stress

“…The GS determination procedures were performed as previously described by Zhu et al [ 25 ], with slight modifications. Briefly, freeze-dried samples (50 mg) were boiled with 5 mL of methanol (70%, v / v ), in order to inactivate myrosinase.…”

Effects of Plant Hormones, Metal Ions, Salinity, Sugar, and Chemicals Pollution on Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Cruciferous Plant

“…However, the excessive use of pesticides causes great harm to the natural environment and induces pesticide stress, which affects the normal physiological and metabolic activities of crops. Imidacloprid, pyramezone, beta-cypermethrin, and acephate treatments significantly increased the contents of Pak Choi ( B. rapa L.) total GSLs content and all individual GSL contents, especially the aliphatic group ( Zhu et al, 2015 ). In fluridon (Flu)-treated sprouts, the cabbage ( B. oleracea L. var.…”

“…capitata L.) GSL content and isothiocyanate formation reduced by 46.5 and 38%, respectively ( Wang et al, 2015 ). By increasing the content of amino acids of the precursor of GSL biosynthesis, pesticides can increase the content of GSLs in Pak Choi ( B. rapa L.) ( Zhu et al, 2015 ).…”

Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Candidate Key Genes Involved in Sinigrin Biosynthesis in Brassica nigra

“…GSL extraction and analysis were performed as previously described with only slight modification [45]. First, 0.25 g sample powder was boiled with 10 mL of 70% methanol after adding 200 µL of 5 mM glucotropaeolin (CAS, 5115-71-9; Code No., A5300,0050; Applichem, Darmstadt, Germany) as internal standard.…”