Glutathione S-transferases of human brain. Evidence for two immunologically distinct types of 26500-Mr subunits

Abstract

Human brain contains one cationic (pI8.3) and two anionic (pI5.5 and 4.6) forms of glutathione S-transferase. The cationic form (pI8.3) and the less-anionic form (pI5.5) do not correspond to any of the glutathione S-transferases previously characterized in human tissues. Both of these forms are dimers of 26500-Mr subunits; however, immunological and catalytic properties indicate that these two enzyme forms are different from each other. The cationic form (pI8.3) cross-reacts with antibodies raised against cationic glutathione S-transferases of human liver, whereas the anionic form (pI5.5) does not. Additionally, only the cationic form expresses glutathione peroxidase activity. The other anionic form (pI4.6) is a dimer of 24500-Mr and 22500-Mr subunits. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis demonstrates that there are three types of 26500-Mr subunits, two types of 24500-Mr subunits and two types of 22500-Mr subunits present in the glutathione S-transferases of human brain.

<b>DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN THE ACTIVITY OF GLUTATHIONE <i>S</i>-TRANSFERASE AND ITS IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION IN THE HYPOPLASTIC CEREBELLUM OF JAUNDICED GUNN RATS</b>

“…It was also reported that one cationic and two anionic forms of soluble GSTs were distinguished in the human brain by isoelectric focusing (40). Consistent with these reports, DE-52 chromatography revealed the existence of four GST isoenzymes in the rat cerebellum (Fig.…”

A Study of Glutathione S-transferase pi Expression in Central Nervous System of Subjects with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Using RNA Extraction from Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Material

“…TRIzol Ò Reagent, dNTP, ribonuclease inhibitor, M-MLV reverse transcriptase, Taq polymerase were from Invitrogen, proteinase K was from ICN, oligo(dT) 15 primer was from Promega. Reagents for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were from Bio-Rad, rabbit anti-human GST-pi polyclonal antibody was from Novocastra, standard GST pi from human placenta from Sigma, ECL plus Western Blotting Detection System from Amersham.…”

“…In humans, eight gene families of GST have been characterized for isoforms pi, mu, alpha, theta, zeta, sigma, kappa and chi (12)(13)(14). GST pi, mu and alpha are present in human central nervous system (15,16). The main isoform present in human brain is GST pi (15).…”

“…GST pi, mu and alpha are present in human central nervous system (15,16). The main isoform present in human brain is GST pi (15). It is encoded by one pi (P1) gene family localized on chromosome 11 (14).…”

Age-related changes in glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes in rat brain

“…GST activity-GSTs have been grouped into species-independent classes of isozymes, including both cytosolic and microsomal enzymes (Morgenstern et al, 1979;Mannervik, 1985). Three families of cytosolic soluble GSTs, α (GSTA), μ (GSTM), and π (GSTP), were known in the brain (Theodore et al, 1985;Board et al, 1990). Cayman's GST assay kit measured total GST activity (cytosolic and microsomal) using 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as the substrate.…”