Gold Nanoparticle and Berberine Entrapped into Hydrogel Matrix as Drug Delivery System

Abstract

In this study the novel hydrogel loaded with gold nanoparticle (AuNP) enhanced the berberine (BS) release when compared with other formulations of hydrogel. Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer networks having the capacity to absorb water, ranging from about twenty to thousand times their dry weight. BS is a natural product, a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids found in medicinal plants as Berberis Vulgaris. BS has some activity against dysentery, hypertension, inflammation, and liver disease in China and Japan. In this work, BS was used as a model drug to study its association with different types of hydrogel composites of polyvinyl alcohol (BS-PVA 10%); gellan gum (BS-GG 2%), gellan gum-PVA crosslinked with cysteine (cys) (BSGG2%PVA2%cys) and gellan gum-PVA cosslinked with cysteine associated with gold nanoparticles (AuNP-BSGG2%PVA2%cys). Several parameters such as fraction of retained water (Wf), hydration percentage (%H), Swelling (DSw) and time course profile (t = 100%) (TC) were evaluated for all preparations. The results showed that the AuNP-BS-GG2%PVA2%cys was able to retain more water and swelling than the other preparations. The time course of release of the BS to the medium was greater for AuNP-BS-GG2%PVA2%cys making it a candidate to drug delivery studies in biological assays. Also Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the surface of these hydrogel were performed. Furthermore, crosslink of the resulting hydrogels were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thus, briefly, the aim of this work was to study three composition of hydrogel loaded with BS and its composition in relation to addition to AuNP and evaluate its profile for further drug delivery application using the Surface Plasmonic Resonance (SPR) as a tool improving the drug release in the new hydrogel. * Corresponding authors. C. Rufino Souza et al.54

In vitro biocompatibility evaluation of radiolytically synthesized silver/polyvinyl hydrogel nanocomposites for wound dressing applications

“…During gamma irradiation of Ar-saturated Ag(NO) 3 /PVA aqueous solution, solvated electron and PVA • radicals are responsible for the reduction process of the Ag + ions. 7,15,38 The reduction of Ag + ions to Ag NPs takes place in the vicinity of the OHgroups of the PVA to form Ag/PVA HNCs. 15 The reaction causing the reduction of Ag + to zero valent Ag 0 NP is shown in equations (10) and (11)…”

“…Ionic Ag and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) have a long history and are traditionally used to colour materials. 7,8 Ag NPs have received more attention by researchers because of its unique properties such as size and shapedependent optical, electrical and magnetic properties. 6,9 Presently, efforts are being made to incorporate Ag NPs into a wide range of materials used in medical devices, surgical instruments, catalysts, biocides, superconducting materials, biosensor materials, electronic components, composite fabrics and so on.…”

Poly(vinyl alcohol) Modified Porous Graphitic Carbon Stationary Phase for Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography

“…PVA hydrogels have been used to entrap/encapsulate a variety of materials: small molecules, peptides, functioning enzymes, , nanoparticles, , liquid crystals, to functioning yeasts and cells that remain viable . Incorporating additives to the PVA solution used for coating the PGC to modify selectivity was of interest.…”

Advances and potential application of gold nanoparticles in nanomedicine

“…[11][12][13] The use of NPs for pharmacological loading contributes in therapeutic efficiency by modulating the drug release and increase its stability, besides leading to its higher and prolonged availability. 5,14,15 Most of these particles can easily access certain regions of the body, such as the central nervous system (CNS), where some drugs would not reach without a carrier. However, these same drugs complexed to nanostructured materials can uncontrollably migrate to other areas of the body, accumulating and causing damage to that tissue or organ.…”

“…Several works have been concentrated in the search of NPs applicability in the diagnosis and treatment of different pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer . The use of NPs for pharmacological loading contributes in therapeutic efficiency by modulating the drug release and increase its stability, besides leading to its higher and prolonged availability …”