Grafting sulfobetaine monomer onto silicone surface to improve haemocompatibility

Abstract

Silicone rubber has been used as a biomaterial for more than two decades and displays good mechanical and optical properties, but its chemical nature, poor antithrombogenicity, as well as its hydrophobicity, prevents its use in many demanding biomedical applications. In order to provide modified silicone with enhanced haemocompatibility, surface modification techniques were used. Ozonization was used to introduce active peroxide groups onto the silicone film surface and, subsequently, graft polymerization of N,N -dimethyl-N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium (DMMSA), a zwitterionic sulfobetaine structure, onto the ozone activated silicone surface was conducted. Surface analysis was accomplished by means of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement. ATR-FTIR and XPS investigation confirmed the graft polymerization. The grafted film possessed a relatively hydrophilic surface as indicated by contact angle measurement. The blood compatibility of the grafted films was evaluated by platelet adhesion in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and protein adsorption in bovine fibrinogen using silicone film as the reference. No platelet adhesion was observed for the grafted films incubated in PRP for 120 min. The protein adsorption was reduced on the grafted films after incubated in bovine fibrinogen for 120 min. These results confirmed that the improved blood compatibility was obtained by grafting this new zwitterronic sulfobetaine structure onto silicone film.

Resistance of zwitterionic telomers accumulated on metal surfaces against nonspecific adsorption of proteins

“…Among them, zwitterionic compounds such as phosphobetaine (i.e., phosphorylcholine) [59] and sulfobetaine derivatives [60][61][62][63] were found to be highly biocompatible. It was pointed out that the nonspecific adsorption of plasma protein onto the film of phosphobetaine copolymer was very small, and the adsorbed protein preserved the molecular structure [64].…”

Anti‐Biofouling Properties of Polymers with a Carboxybetaine Moiety

“…Many kinds of surfaces with excellent biocompatibility, including poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted surfaces, [2][3][4] phase-separated microdomain surfaces, [5,6] bioactive molecule-incorporated surfaces, [7,8] and surfaces of zwitterionic compounds, [9][10][11][12][13][14] have been reported.…”

“…[15] Zwitterionic compounds such as phosphobetaine (i.e., phosphorylcholine) and sulfobetaine polymers are now widely used as biomaterials and for surface treatment to afford biocompatibility. [9][10][11][12][13][14] For instance, various phosphobetaine polymers containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) residues are used for non-thrombogenic coatings on Biodiv Ysio TM coronary stents and Proclear 1 contact lenses to reduce protein adsorption. Such a resistance against biofouling has been pointed out to be crucial for the appearance of biocompatibility of the polymer materials.…”

Carboxybetaine Polymer‐Protected Gold Nanoparticles: High Dispersion Stability and Resistance against Non‐Specific Adsorption of Proteins

“…[38,39] Polymer films composed of butyl methacrylate (BMA) and a zwitterionic monomer such as 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), 3-sulfo-N,N-dimethyl-N-(3 0 -methacrylamidopropyl)propanaminium inner salt (SPB) and 1-carboxy-N,N-dimethyl-N-(2 0 -methacryloyloxyethyl)methanaminium inner salt (CMB) were found to be highly biocompatible. [40][41][42][43][44] The solution behavior of zwitterionic polymers has received much attention due to unique properties to typical polyelectrolytes. [45][46][47] We have observed the structure of water in the vicinity of many kinds of zwitterionic polymers by Raman and attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared spectroscopy, and found that the hydrogen-bonded network structure of the vicinal water is not largely disturbed.…”