Grain yield and quality of common bean cultivars in response to nitrogen

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) is the nutrient most required by common bean, and the response to N fertilization may be variable among genotypes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the N nutrition, grain yield, grain size, and crude protein concentration of common bean cultivars in response to topdressing N rates. Two experiments were conducted on a Typic Rodudalf, under two growth conditions ("dry" and "rainy" seasons). A randomized complete block design with a 7 × 4 factorial arrangement and four replicates was used. The treatments consisted of seven cultivars (Pérola, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Tangará, IAC Formoso, and IAC Imperador) and four N rates (0, 35, 70, and 140 kg ha-1). The experiments were analyzed jointly. The application of N did not affect the cycle, plant population, and number of grains per pod, but increased the leaf N concentration, number of pods per plant, grain size, and grain yield, regardless of the cultivar. The responses of common bean cultivars to N rates varied according to the growth condition, with response to N only in the "rainy" season experiment, under conditions of lower N and higher C/N ratio in the straw of the preceding crop. The crude protein concentration in the grains was influenced in an inconsistent manner by the factors studied.

Does crop succession and nitrogen splitting fertilization change the technological quality of common bean?

“…It is observed in the literature that the technological attributes of common bean have high variability due to several factors, such as the production system, agricultural years, cultivars, and sowing seasons (Aires et al 2019;Flôres et al 2017;Soratto et al 2014). This high variability helps to explain the small differences in the common bean quality due to the treatments with N fertilization and splitting in the present study.…”

“…Several studies have evaluated the effects of agricultural management on the technological quality of common bean, with emphasis on fertilization, soil preparation, and irrigation systems (Aires et al 2019;Flôres et al 2017;Soratto et al 2014). However, little is known about the effect of crop succession on common bean quality.…”

Nitrogen doses for common beans crop in the Cerrado region in the State of Bahia

“…The significant increase in the use of nitrogen fertilizers is one of the factors responsible for the high productivity of the bean crop. According to Aires et al (2019), nitrogen (N) is one of the elements mostly demanded by the bean crops, absorbed in higher quantities. However, although this crop can fix atmospheric N through symbiosis with bacteria of the Rhizobium genus, its quantity is not sufficient to meet the requirements of the crop (RABELO et al, 2017), even when nitrogen fertilization is carried out, because, a great part of the nitrogen applied to the soil is not used by the crop due to possible losses from erosion, leaching, denitrification and volatilization, as well as the great interaction that this nutrient suffers with the soil.…”