Grape Polyphenols Ameliorate Muscle Decline Reducing Oxidative Stress and Oxidative Damage in Aged Rats

Abstract

A large number of studies have demonstrated the implication of oxidative stress (OxS) in the pathogenesis of ageing-related muscle decline and atrophy. The key mechanism is related to the OxS-induced production of free radicals, with the consequent increase in oxidative damage, resulting in affected muscle quality and strength. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a grape polyphenol-based nutraceutical formulation (Taurisolo®) in reducing the OxS in muscle of aged rats. A group of 16 aged (20 months) rats were orally administered with Taurisolo® (n = 8; 100 mg/kg Taurisolo®) or placebo (n = 8; 50 mg/kg maltodextrin); an additional group of eight young (three months) rats were also treated with placebo. All the treatments were orally administered for 30 days. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrotyrosine (N-Tyr) and the expression of OxS- and inflammation-related genes were evaluated on the gastrocnemius muscle. In muscle samples of the treated-group, increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, reduced MDA and N-Tyr levels and increased expression of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes were observed in respect to the placebo. Data herein presented suggest that the chronic treatment with Taurisolo® significantly reduces oxidative damage and improves muscle performance in aged rats.

The Treatment of Rhodiola Mimics Exercise to Resist High-Fat Diet-Induced Muscle Dysfunction via Sirtuin1-Dependent Mechanisms

“…As the LC-MS analysis shown, polyphenols are main bioactive compounds of R. sacra too. Moreover, Capó and his colleagues found that polyphenolic extract ameliorate muscle decline in by reducing oxidative stress and oxidative damage (Annunziata et al, 2020). Thus, polyphenols might be responsible for the biological effects of R. sacra in the study and could be another potential treatment for HFD-induced muscle atrophy, but more data is needed.…”

Beneficial Effects of a Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils on the Age-Induced Alterations of Rodent Skeletal Muscle: Role of HDAC-4

“…Concretely, the anti-oxidative effects may be due to the polyphenol components found in the mixture [ 29 ]. Other authors have reported the beneficial effects of polyphenols in reducing oxidative stress and improving aged-muscle performance [ 39 ].…”

Grape polyphenols supplementation for exercise-induced oxidative stress

“…In fact, some nutraceuticals based on polyphenols have already showed efficacy in reducing the oxidized lowdensity lipoprotein levels and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO is a recognized biomarker of increased cardiovascular risk) serum levels in overweight/obese adults [78] and the gut microbiota remodeling [79]. At the same time, these products have also demonstrated a reduced OS and the oxidative damage at muscular level and improved the muscle performance but in aged rats [80]. Table 2 provides a summary of the different polyphenol families found in grapes.…”