Graphene: The New Two‐Dimensional Nanomaterial

Rao, C. N. R.; Sood, Anil K.; Subrahmanyam, K. S.; Govindaraj, A.

doi:10.1002/anie.200901678

Cited by 3,769 publications

(2,324 citation statements)

References 229 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

2,237

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Graphene is a single layer of graphite with many superior electronic and mechanical properties. [27][28][29][30] By generating surface hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, the resulting graphene oxide (GO) can disperse in water. GO strongly adsorbs nonstructured single-stranded (ss-DNA), while adsorption of well-folded or double-stranded (ds) DNA is disfavored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Beacon Lighting up on Graphene Oxide

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A molecular beacon (MB) is comprised of a fluorophore and a quencher linked by a DNA hairpin. MBs have been widely used for homogeneous DNA detection. In addition to molecular quenchers, many nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO) also possess excellent quenching efficiency. Most reported fluorescent sensors relied on DNA probes physisorbed by GO, which may suffer from non-specific probe displacement and false positive signal. In this work, we report the preparation and characterization of a MB using graphene oxide (GO) as quencher, where an amino and FAM (6carboxyfluorescein) dual labeled DNA was covalently attached to GO via an amide linkage. A major challenge was to remove noncovalently attached probes due to strong DNA adsorption by GO. While DNA desorption was favored at low salt, high pH, high temperature, and by using organic solvents, the complementary DNA was required to achieve complete desorption of non-covalently linked DNA probes. The DNA adsorption energy was measured using isothermal titration calorimetry, revealing the heterogeneous nature of GO. The covalent probe has a detection limit of 2.2 nM using a sample volume of 0.05 mL. With 2 mL sample, the detection limit can reach 150 pM. The covalent probe is highly resistant to non-specific probe displacement and will find applications in serum and cellular samples where high probe stability is demanded.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Beacon Lighting up on Graphene Oxide

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1), not only in the synthesis/production of graphene, but also in its implementation in sensors, field emitters, nanoelectronics, nanocomposite materials, and so on. Therefore, it becomes timely to review and summarize the synthesis and processing of graphene for functional nanostructures and devices [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prospective Two-Dimensional Graphene Nanosheets: Preparation, Functionalization and Applications

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Graphene, as an intermediate phase between fullerene and carbon nanotube, has aroused much interests among the scientific community due to its outstanding electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties. With excellent electrical conductivity of 6000 S/cm, which is independent on chirality, graphene is a promising material for high-performance nanoelectronics, transparent conductor, as well as polymer composites. On account of its Young's Modulus of 1 TPa and ultimate strength of 130 GPa, isolated graphene sheet is considered to be among the strongest materials ever measured. Comparable with the single-walled carbon nanotube bundle, graphene has a thermal conductivity of 5000 W/(m·K), which suggests a potential application of graphene in polymer matrix for improving thermal properties of the graphene/polymer composite. Furthermore, graphene exhibits a very high surface area, up to a value of 2630 m 2 /g. All of these outstanding properties suggest a wide application for this nanometer-thick, two-dimensional carbon material. This review article presents an overview of the significant advancement in graphene research: preparation, functionalization as well as the properties of graphene will be discussed. In addition, the feasibility and potential applications of graphene in areas, such as sensors, nanoelectronics and nanocomposites materials, will also be reviewed.

show abstract

“…Single, bilayer and a few layer graphenes continue to be of immense interest not only for their fascinating physical properties but also for their potential device applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. However bulk processing of single layer graphene and depositing at desirable locations to fabricate devices and sensors are still challenging issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%