“…In recent ages, the environmentally friendly 'green' production of nanomaterials is becoming an essential and popular focus for material scientists as a result of widespread noxious problems associated with chemical and physical techniques. The plant-mediated synthetic approach, on the other hand, is a valuable technique that can be conveniently manufactured and engineered [2][3][4][5]. Standard approaches to nanoparticle synthesis have a number of disadvantages, including long-term production, high costs, time consuming methods, and the use of toxic compounds, in particular.…”
Nanoparticles have long been known and their biomedical potent activities have proven that these can provide an alternative to other drugs. In the current study, copper oxide, nickel oxide and copper/nickel hybrid NPs were biosynthesized by using Curcuma longa root extracts as a reducing and capping agent, followed by characterization via UV-spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermo galvanometric analysis (TGA), and band gap. FTIR spectroscopy shows the availability of various functional groups and biomolecules such as carbohydrate, protein, polysaccharides, etc. The EDX peak confirmed that the elemental nickel and copper were present in large quantity in the analyzed sample. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the synthesized CuO-NPs and NiO-NPs were polyhedral uniform and homogeneous in morphology, while the copper/nickel hybrid NPs were well dispersed, spherical in shape, and uniform in size. TEM micrographs of CuO-NPs had 27.72 nm, NiO had 23.13 nm and, for their hybrid, the size was 17.38 nm, which was confirmed respectively. The CuO and NiO NPs possessed spherical- to multi-headed shapes, while their hybrid showed a complete spherical shape, small size, and polydispersed NPs. The XRD spectra revealed that the average particle size for CuO, NiO, and hybrid were 29.7 nm, 28 nm and 27 nm, respectively. Maximum anti-diabetic inhibition of (52.35 ± 0.76: CuO-NPs, 68.1 ± 0.93: NiO-NPs and 74.23 ± 0.42: Cu + Ni hybrids) for α-amylase and (39.25 ± 0.18 CuO-NPs, 52.35 ± 1.32: NiO-NPs and 62.32 ± 0.48: Cu + Ni hybrids) for α-glucosidase were calculated, respectively, at 400 µg/mL. The maximum antioxidants capacity was observed as 65.1 ± 0.83 μgAAE/mg for Cu-Ni hybrids, 58.39 ± 0.62 μgAAE/mg for NiO-NPs, and 52.2 ± 0.31 μgAAE/mg for CuO-NPs, respectively, at 400 μg/mL. The highest antibacterial activity of biosynthesized NPs was observed against P. aeuroginosa (28 ± 1.22) and P. vulgaris (25 ± 1.73) for Cu + Ni hybrids, respectively. Furthermore, the antibiotics were coated with NPs, and activity was noted. Significant anti-leishmanial activity of 60.5 ± 0.53 and 68.4 ± 0.59 for Cu + Ni hybrids; 53.2 ± 0.48 and 61.2 ± 0.44 for NiO-NPs; 49.1 ± 0.39 and 56.2 ± 0.45 for CuO-NPs at 400 μg/mL were recorded for promastigote and amastigotes, respectively. The biosynthesized NPs also showed significant anti-cancerous potential against HepG2 cell lines. It was concluded from the study that NPs are potential agents to be used as an alternative to antimicrobial agents.
“…In recent ages, the environmentally friendly 'green' production of nanomaterials is becoming an essential and popular focus for material scientists as a result of widespread noxious problems associated with chemical and physical techniques. The plant-mediated synthetic approach, on the other hand, is a valuable technique that can be conveniently manufactured and engineered [2][3][4][5]. Standard approaches to nanoparticle synthesis have a number of disadvantages, including long-term production, high costs, time consuming methods, and the use of toxic compounds, in particular.…”
Nanoparticles have long been known and their biomedical potent activities have proven that these can provide an alternative to other drugs. In the current study, copper oxide, nickel oxide and copper/nickel hybrid NPs were biosynthesized by using Curcuma longa root extracts as a reducing and capping agent, followed by characterization via UV-spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermo galvanometric analysis (TGA), and band gap. FTIR spectroscopy shows the availability of various functional groups and biomolecules such as carbohydrate, protein, polysaccharides, etc. The EDX peak confirmed that the elemental nickel and copper were present in large quantity in the analyzed sample. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the synthesized CuO-NPs and NiO-NPs were polyhedral uniform and homogeneous in morphology, while the copper/nickel hybrid NPs were well dispersed, spherical in shape, and uniform in size. TEM micrographs of CuO-NPs had 27.72 nm, NiO had 23.13 nm and, for their hybrid, the size was 17.38 nm, which was confirmed respectively. The CuO and NiO NPs possessed spherical- to multi-headed shapes, while their hybrid showed a complete spherical shape, small size, and polydispersed NPs. The XRD spectra revealed that the average particle size for CuO, NiO, and hybrid were 29.7 nm, 28 nm and 27 nm, respectively. Maximum anti-diabetic inhibition of (52.35 ± 0.76: CuO-NPs, 68.1 ± 0.93: NiO-NPs and 74.23 ± 0.42: Cu + Ni hybrids) for α-amylase and (39.25 ± 0.18 CuO-NPs, 52.35 ± 1.32: NiO-NPs and 62.32 ± 0.48: Cu + Ni hybrids) for α-glucosidase were calculated, respectively, at 400 µg/mL. The maximum antioxidants capacity was observed as 65.1 ± 0.83 μgAAE/mg for Cu-Ni hybrids, 58.39 ± 0.62 μgAAE/mg for NiO-NPs, and 52.2 ± 0.31 μgAAE/mg for CuO-NPs, respectively, at 400 μg/mL. The highest antibacterial activity of biosynthesized NPs was observed against P. aeuroginosa (28 ± 1.22) and P. vulgaris (25 ± 1.73) for Cu + Ni hybrids, respectively. Furthermore, the antibiotics were coated with NPs, and activity was noted. Significant anti-leishmanial activity of 60.5 ± 0.53 and 68.4 ± 0.59 for Cu + Ni hybrids; 53.2 ± 0.48 and 61.2 ± 0.44 for NiO-NPs; 49.1 ± 0.39 and 56.2 ± 0.45 for CuO-NPs at 400 μg/mL were recorded for promastigote and amastigotes, respectively. The biosynthesized NPs also showed significant anti-cancerous potential against HepG2 cell lines. It was concluded from the study that NPs are potential agents to be used as an alternative to antimicrobial agents.
“…This means the structure of Pt nanoparticles is face centered cubic (As shown by the Scherrer equation, this equation links peak broadening in (XRD) to average particle size, where D represents particle diameter size and k represents a constant equal 1. (0.9) is the X-ray source's wavelength (1.5406 nm); = (2) According to the Debye Scherrer equation, which uses FWHM and diffraction angles corresponding to the lattice plane (111), the average crystallite size is determined to be in the range (1.1–2.5) nm, which is in excellent agreement with TEM images that show a (Pt-NPs) size range of (1.3–2.6) nm ( Al-Radadi, 2019 ; Al-Radadi & Adam, 2020 ). Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 55%
“…11 C ). The (TEM) pictures of the suggested reaction conditions demonstrate that the intended (Pt-NPs) produced a nearly spherical shape with a particle size of (2.3–3.0) nm ( Al-Radadi & Adam, 2020 ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As the vacated lower energy states are filled, each element emits a unique set of (X-Ray) frequencies, which may give qualitative and quantitative information about the near surface m. Several types of photons are produced when the beam interacts with the specimen surface, they vary depending on the surface morphology when coupled with a (EDX) detector, compositional information can be collected (X-Rays), In order to create elemental composition maps of individual samples, EDX detector detects X-ray properties of distinct elements into an energy spectrum ( Ellingham et al, 2018 ). Although other elements were detected, a substantial Pt signal indicated the elemental composition synthesized (Pt-NPs) from Anbara fruits ( Al-Radadi & Adam, 2020 ).…”
“…Doors are opened to exciting knowledge in the field of Nanomedicine in the recent years by nanotechnology ( Desireddy et al, 2013 ; Al-Radadi and Adam, 2020 ). Nanoparticles are particles having size range from 1 to 100 nm, and have gained much importance in the drug delivery and biomedical engineering.…”
In recent years green nanotechnology gained significant importance to synthesize nanoparticles due to their cost effectiveness and biosafety. In the current study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by using extract of
Spirogyra hyalina
as a capping and reducing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractive analysis. Silver nanoparticles give a characteristic Surface Plasmon Resonance peak of 451 nm at 2.21 a.u (arbitrary unit). SEM micrograph revealed the spherical morphology and average grain size of 52.7 nm. Furthermore, antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal, antioxidant and membrane damage activities were determined. The maximum antibacterial and antifungal activity was observed for
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(18 ± 1.2 mm) and
Fusarium solani
(14.3 ± 0.6 mm), respectively. In membrane damage assay,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
absorbed A
260
wavelength and gave maximum peak values of 0.286, 0.434 and 0.629 at 25, 35 and 45 µg/mL of silver nanoparticles. The membrane damage assay confirmed that nanoparticles are involved in bacterial cell membrane damage. At 500 ppm silver nanoparticles showed 30% mortality against
Tribolium castaneum
(a common grain pest). The silver nanoparticles also showed potent antioxidant activity and successfully scavenged the DPPH free radicals upto 53.43 ± 0.17, 43.26 ± 0.97, 31.39 ± 0.33, 24.62 ± 0.85, and 14.13 ± 0.12% at a concentration of 400, 200, 100, 50, and 25 µg/mL of nanoparticles, respectively. It is concluded that silver nanoparticles can easily be synthesized by using green algae
Spirogyra hyalina
as a capping and reducing agent. Silver nanoparticles showed potent biomedical activities and thus can be used for therapeutic applications
invitro
and
invivo
.
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