Greenhouse-gas budgets for irrigated dairy pasture and a winter-forage kale crop

Laubach, Johannes; Hunt, John E.

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.04.013

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Increasing water availability to promote growth results in increased GPP, but also a corresponding increase in ER (Hunt et al 2016). Where measured, net CO 2 uptake was greater in irrigated than non-irrigated pastures (Laubach & Hunt 2018;Laubach et al 2019), but this did not necessarily correspond with increases in soil C. Indeed, spatially extensive sampling by Mudge et al (2017) found that on average, irrigated pastures have significantly less soil C than adjacent unirrigated pastures, although individual sites may have gained, lost or had no change in C stocks. The variable C stock changes obtained from sampling irrigated pasture soils may be a function of variation in associated management changes confounded by local climate.…”

Section: Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Importance of resilient pastures for New Zealand’s agricultural soil carbon stocks

2021

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New Zealand’s agricultural pastures contain significant soil carbon (C) stocks that are susceptible to change when impacted by management and natural processes (e.g., climate). Inputs of C to these pastoral soils is through photosynthetic uptake of atmospheric CO2 either on-site or elsewhere. Changes in soil C stocks are in response to the management of the system that alters the input-output balance. Increasing the resilience of pastures to climatic events such as hot and dry summers or cool and wet winters can increase inputs of C to the soil while sustaining above-ground production and so provide an opportunity for C sequestration. Furthermore, increased pasture for grazing can reduce the need for management practices identified as detrimental for soil C stocks such as irrigation or the production of cropped supplemental feed. A reduction in the need for renewal and its associated soil C losses, and the establishment of a more diverse sward, especially if deeper-rooting species are included, has the potential for increasing soil C stocks provided the diversity can be maintained. From a soil C perspective, a resilient pasture maximises CO2 uptake to ensure adequate above- and below-ground inputs to maintain or increase soil C stocks and minimise the need for management activities detrimental to soil C.

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Section: Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Note the difference in the y-axis scale between the GPP/ER and NEP/NECB plots. Data sources include University of Waikato unpublished data, Rutledge et al (2015), Hunt et al (2016), Laubach & Hunt (2018), Laubach et al (2019) and Wall et al (2019Wall et al ( , 2020b.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of resilient pastures for New Zealand’s agricultural soil carbon stocks

2021

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“…The source of these CH 4 emissions is unknown, and therefore it is not clear whether they are related to agricultural management. The flux gradient technique has also been applied to measure nitrous oxide emissions from dairy pasture (Laubach & Hunt, 2018). Wecking et al…”

Section: Le Sson 5 -Climate Impac Ts Of Ag Roecosys Temsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are concerns that the practice of irrigation, increasingly widespread in NZ, may lead to net carbon losses, and soil‐core sampling studies point in this direction (Mudge et al, 2017). However, flux measurements over irrigated pasture did not find any carbon losses throughout the three years of measurements (Laubach & Hunt, 2018). In another study, capturing flux measurements over lucerne, it was found that total evaporation and drainage increased in response to irrigation, relative to a nearby non‐irrigated lucerne crop, with the benefit of larger biomass production at the cost of greater net carbon losses (Laubach et al, 2019).…”

Section: Lesson 5—climate Impacts Of Agroecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technological challenges and instrumentation costs have limited the usage of the eddy covariance method for measuring fluxes of these non‐CO 2 greenhouse gases; hence, other micrometeorological methods have predominantly been applied within the OzFlux network. Laubach and Hunt (2018) used a flux‐gradient technique to measure CH 4 fluxes over three years at paired grazing sites in Canterbury, New Zealand, somewhat surprisingly finding that CH 4 fluxes were consistently positive (i.e. the grazed pastures were a net source of methane) most of the time, even in the absence of cattle.…”

Section: Lesson 5—climate Impacts Of Agroecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bridge to the future: Important lessons from 20 years of ecosystem observations made by the OzFlux network

Beringer

Moore

Cleverly

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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In 2020, the Australian and New Zealand flux research and monitoring network, OzFlux, celebrated its 20th anniversary by reflecting on the lessons learned through two decades of ecosystem studies on global change biology. OzFlux is a network not only for ecosystem researchers, but also for those ‘next users’ of the knowledge, information and data that such networks provide. Here, we focus on eight lessons across topics of climate change and variability, disturbance and resilience, drought and heat stress and synergies with remote sensing and modelling. In distilling the key lessons learned, we also identify where further research is needed to fill knowledge gaps and improve the utility and relevance of the outputs from OzFlux. Extreme climate variability across Australia and New Zealand (droughts and flooding rains) provides a natural laboratory for a global understanding of ecosystems in this time of accelerating climate change. As evidence of worsening global fire risk emerges, the natural ability of these ecosystems to recover from disturbances, such as fire and cyclones, provides lessons on adaptation and resilience to disturbance. Drought and heatwaves are common occurrences across large parts of the region and can tip an ecosystem's carbon budget from a net CO2 sink to a net CO2 source. Despite such responses to stress, ecosystems at OzFlux sites show their resilience to climate variability by rapidly pivoting back to a strong carbon sink upon the return of favourable conditions. Located in under‐represented areas, OzFlux data have the potential for reducing uncertainties in global remote sensing products, and these data provide several opportunities to develop new theories and improve our ecosystem models. The accumulated impacts of these lessons over the last 20 years highlights the value of long‐term flux observations for natural and managed systems. A future vision for OzFlux includes ongoing and newly developed synergies with ecophysiologists, ecologists, geologists, remote sensors and modellers.

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Review on Assessment of Land Degradation in Watershed Using Geospatial Technique Based on Unmanned Aircraft Systems

Pandey,

Kumari,

Mallick

2024

Unmanned Aircraft Systems

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Greenhouse-gas budgets for irrigated dairy pasture and a winter-forage kale crop

Cited by 27 publications

References 54 publications

Importance of resilient pastures for New Zealand’s agricultural soil carbon stocks

Importance of resilient pastures for New Zealand’s agricultural soil carbon stocks

Bridge to the future: Important lessons from 20 years of ecosystem observations made by the OzFlux network

Review on Assessment of Land Degradation in Watershed Using Geospatial Technique Based on Unmanned Aircraft Systems

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