Ground motion analysis in seasonally frozen regions

Qi, Jilin; Ma, Wei; Sun, Chongshao; Wang, Lanmin

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2005.09.003

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The values of the strain amplitude beyond 10 −4 were obtained through the interpolation of the fitting curves. The interpolation was reliable, as some research [19,20] with DTA on frozen soil were conducted under strain amplitudes larger than 10 −4 and those results match the Hardin-Drnevich model.…”

Section: Fig 7 Test Results At Different Temperaturementioning

confidence: 72%

“…In contrast, research on the shear modulus and damping ratio of frozen soil is limited [3,[18][19][20]. These researches revealed each factor that affects the modulus and damping to a different extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common used testing devices are resonant column apparatus (RCA) and dynamic triaxial apparatus (DTA), and the utilization frequency of DTA is higher than RCA. But in fact, the resonant column test (RCT) at normal temperatures (15°C to 25°C) is relatively reliable, and certain codes, such as the Chinese standard (SL237-1999) and the American standard (D4015-92) [16,17], have proven to be useful.In contrast, research on the shear modulus and damping ratio of frozen soil is limited [3,[18][19][20]. These researches revealed each factor that affects the modulus and damping to a different extent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resonant Column Test on the Frozen Silt Soil Modulus and Damping at Different Temperatures

Sun

Yuan

et al. 2017

Period. Polytech. Civil Eng.

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Keywords resonant column, frozen silt, shear modulus, damping ratio, Hardin-Drnevich model IntroductionLarge frozen regions are distributed around the world, as in subarctic countries [1,2]. Compared to soil under normal conditions (15°C to 25°C), under which pore water remained in a liquid state inside the soil, the dynamics of frozen ground varies significantly with the seasons, resulting in different vibratory responses for building and civil engineering structures; even seismic damage is related to the season. The seasonal influences were demonstrated in the seismic damage caused by the earthquake swarm that occurred in Dedu county, China, in 1986. These earthquakes occurred in the summer and winter; the stiffer buildings suffered more during the winter earthquake events, while the more flexible buildings were damaged during the summer events [3]. Research on the frequency of building during an Alaskan winter illustrates that the firstorder mode frequency of reinforced concrete frame structures with a shallow foundation increases nearly 50% over construction performed during the summer [4].There are many researchers studying the shear modulus and damping ratio of normal soil [5][6][7][8][9][10], also some researchers have made significant achievements using specific soils [11][12][13][14][15]. Common used testing devices are resonant column apparatus (RCA) and dynamic triaxial apparatus (DTA), and the utilization frequency of DTA is higher than RCA. But in fact, the resonant column test (RCT) at normal temperatures (15°C to 25°C) is relatively reliable, and certain codes, such as the Chinese standard (SL237-1999) and the American standard (D4015-92) [16,17], have proven to be useful.In contrast, research on the shear modulus and damping ratio of frozen soil is limited [3,[18][19][20]. These researches revealed each factor that affects the modulus and damping to a different extent. However, the equipment performance and technological level required for a low temperature environment are more complex than those found in normal temperature tests. For all of the research noted above, there is a limit to the equipment's capabilities as well as some issues with the methodology, as shown in the following list.

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Section: Fig 7 Test Results At Different Temperaturementioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resonant Column Test on the Frozen Silt Soil Modulus and Damping at Different Temperatures

Sun

Yuan

et al. 2017

Period. Polytech. Civil Eng.

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“…This indicates that the frozen soil layer at the ground surface with the unfrozen soil layer below does not amplify seismic waves propagating through the frozen layer as much as its unfrozen state. This difference in the amplification results from its higher shear velocity, leading to smaller site responses as reported in Qi et al 18 and Wang et al 23 Figure 11 compares site responses for the cases S20−5 and W20−5 ( Δ 0 = 20°C and 15 = −5°C), where the seasonal temperature variation at ground surface (Δ 0 ) and the soil temperature at −15 m ( 15 ) are in the middle of the two previous cases. As in the previous cases, Figure 11A shows that the large seasonal difference in spectral acceleration is also observed in the short period range of less than 0.8 s but is smaller compared to the cases S40−10 and W40−10.…”

Section: Site Response Depending On Seasonal Ground Temperature Variationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Influence of seasonal soil temperature variation and global warming on the seismic response of frozen soils in permafrost regions

Park

Kwon

Sarno

2021

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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There has been growing interest in seismic hazards in permafrost regions as development in those regions has increased. Because major infrastructure, such as natural gas pipelines, has been constructed in permafrost regions, it is necessary to evaluate the seismic safety of such a network system. As frozen soil's dynamic properties differ from those of its unfrozen state, the characteristics of seismic waves propagated through frozen soil layers in permafrost differ from those propagated through unfrozen soil. Thus, the dynamic properties and composition of frozen soil layers located between bedrock and the ground surface need to be realistically considered in evaluating the seismic hazards of permafrost regions. The frozen soil layer's composition greatly depends on soil temperatures which vary seasonally and are gradually increasing due to global warming, therefore it is necessary to consider soil temperature variation. In this study, comprehensive parametric site response analysis was carried out based on measured data regarding seasonal and annual temperature variation to investigate seismic hazards. The soil temperature variation between summer and winter and temperature increases due to global warming were the main considerations. The analysis results clearly show that the soil temperature variation significantly impacts seismic hazards in the permafrost region, leading to different site response characteristics than those in the non-permafrost region.

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“…Considering the factors mentioned above depending on the material properties, the effects of seasonally cold are very important for estimating the seismic behavior of structures built in cold regions, subjected to earthquake ground motion [8][9][10][11][12][13]. In earthquake regions of our country under the influence of extreme cold, seasonal, or are frequently built of the reinforced concrete minarets have been or are frequently built.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of seasonal low temperature effects on dynamic behavior of prototype reinforced concrete minaret by using experimental and numerical studies

Hacıefendioğlu¹,

Birinci²

2019

JSEAM

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In this study, an experimental and numerical study is carried out to estimate the dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete minaret subjected to low temperatures during earthquakes. For this purpose, 1:20 reduced scale model of an actual reinforced concrete minaret was built in the laboratory. In order to estimate the effects of the seasonal low temperatures on the minaret, the model was placed into a large volume freezer and then were exposed to low temperatures of-50C,-100C,-200C and-300C, respectively. For each temperature, the model was taken outside the freezer and by using the shaking table, the maximum acceleration values at the top and middle region of the minaret were obtained with accelerometers mounted on the minaret. The maximum acceleration values illustrated that seasonal low temperatures affect seismic behavior of the prototype reinforced concrete minaret model.

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Ground motion analysis in seasonally frozen regions

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Resonant Column Test on the Frozen Silt Soil Modulus and Damping at Different Temperatures

Resonant Column Test on the Frozen Silt Soil Modulus and Damping at Different Temperatures

Influence of seasonal soil temperature variation and global warming on the seismic response of frozen soils in permafrost regions

Investigation of seasonal low temperature effects on dynamic behavior of prototype reinforced concrete minaret by using experimental and numerical studies

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