Ground-state phases of a rotating spin-orbit–coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice

Abstract

We study the ground-state phases of a two-dimensional rotating spin-orbit–coupled Bose-Einstein condensate loaded in a one-dimensional spin-dependent optical lattice. In the absence of rotation, the system undergoes a phase transition from the stripe phase to the supersolid phase gradually for weak spin-orbit coupling strength and directly for strong spin-orbit coupling strength as the depth of the optical lattice increases. With increasing the rotation strength, the stripe phase transforms to the ringlike state, and the domain number of the ringlike state increases when the Bose-Einstein condensate is in the weak depth of the optical lattice. The supersolid phase transforms to the phase with a single domain of a vortex line for small rotation strength, and alternating vortex lines along the x-direction appear for large rotation strength when the Bose-Einstein condensate is in the strong depth of the optical lattice. The spin textures of the ground-state phases are also discussed.

Stripe and supersolid phases of spin–orbit coupled spin-2 Bose–Einstein condensates in an optical lattice

“…The spin-orbit coupled BECs loaded in an optical lattice has attracted considerable interests. The Galilean invariance breaking, stripe (ST) and supersolid (SS) phases with nontrivial topological spin textures have been predicted and observed by the theoretical and experimental studies on spin-orbit coupled spin-1/2 and spin-1 BECs in an optical lattice in [39][40][41][42][43][44]. However, little attention has been paid to the properties of spin-orbit coupled spin-2 BECs in an optical lattice.…”

Spinor F = 1 Bose-Einstein condensates loaded in two types of radially-periodic potentials with spin-orbit coupling*

“…1(d6) and 1(d7), which are similar to the character of the supersolid state. [41,42] We also study the ground-state phases of spin-orbit coupled spin-1 BECs loaded in a spin-independent radiallyperiodic potential with the spin-exchange interactions c 2 = 200 in Fig. 2 and c 2 = 2000 in Fig.…”

“…[33][34][35][36] Recently, spin-orbit coupled spinor BECs in the different periodic potentials, like the toroidal trap, spin-dependent periodic potential and radially-periodic potential are investigated, which results in many exotic ground-state phases and solitons. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] In this paper, we consider 2D spin-orbit coupled spin-1 BECs in two types of radially-periodic potentials, i.e., spinindependent and spin-dependent radially-periodic potentials. For the BECs in a spin-independent radially-periodic potential, the density of each component exhibits the periodic density modulation along the azimuthal direction, which realizes the necklacelike state in the ferromagnetic BECs.…”