Groundwater Hydraulics and Pollutant Transport

Charbeneau, RJ; Sherif, S. A.

doi:10.1115/1.1451232

Cited by 157 publications

(221 citation statements)

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“…Immediately after the ponding time, the infiltration 15 rate will decrease, and the hydraulic conductance of the soil will be the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The infiltration rate is found by solving a nonlinear algebraic equation, as seen, for example, in Charbeneau (2000).…”

Section: Infiltration For I ≥ K Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variable Saturation Infiltration Model for Highly Vegetated Regions

Polsinelli

Kavvas

2016

Preprint

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Abstract. Observations have been made in studies that in watersheds with moist soils and lush vegetation, water does not pond on the soil surface, even during significant rainfall events. In these cases, all the water infiltrates into the soil. Furthermore, the water content in the pore space is below saturation.The tools for modeling such situations are limited. A universal method for estimating groundwater in the unsaturated zone is the Richards' equation, a non linear system of 1D or 3D equations based on physical flow principles. While effective, the 5 difficulties in solving Richards' equation can pose a significant problem in a complex system, which may require extensive amounts of calibration and numerical effort in procuring a solution. A second method is based on the idea of approximating the movement of moisture through the soil as a rectangular profile, e.g. assuming that the water moves through a soil column like a piston. Rectangular profile methods have been developed in the past for cases in which ponding occurs at the surface, and the water content inside the column is at saturation. More general rectangular profile methods allow the water in the column 10 to move at sub-saturation. Both of these existing methods involve solving a non linear algebraic equation for the hydrologic system, involving constant flux at the boundary, due to a wetting event such as rainfall. The method proposed in this article may be used for situations in which the soil does not become saturated, and the soil and rainfall properties, specifically the rates of hydraulic conductance and rate of rainfall respectively, are allowed to vary in space or time. The method proposed is based on a simple principle in infiltration hydrology, that the rate at which water will infiltrate through the soil equilibrates with the 15 rate of rainfall, when the rate of rainfall is smaller than the infiltration capacity of the soil. In application, this method does not require the solution of a non linear algebraic (or differential) system of equations, thus affording modelers computational economy.Furthermore, this new method can be made to interact with the saturated profile methods in the event that the rainfall overwhelms the ability of soil to absorb moisture. If this happens, a portion of the field will come to saturation while other 20 parts will be below saturation. The sub-saturation models can be made to interact with the redistribution and evapotranspiration processes by providing the initial and boundary condition for those events.

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Section: Infiltration For I ≥ K Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, the focus will be on the Green and Ampt model as the classical infiltration model, because of its widespread use, and a preference towards physically-based models. References for other models can be found in Charbeneau (2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable Saturation Infiltration Model for Highly Vegetated Regions

Polsinelli

Kavvas

2016

Preprint

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“…Released fuel may also evaporate within the sediment, and a portion of it will move downward as a vapor and potentially reach the groundwater table [22]. Whether the fuel reaches groundwater in liquid or vapor form, the fuel will then partition into groundwater and become a dissolved chemical that is carried away by molecular diffusion and groundwater flow and associated hydrodynamic dispersion [23]. Therefore, the spills can contaminate downstream drinking water wells [24].…”

Section: Liquid Fuel Spillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon Release During Fuel Storage and Transfer at Gas Stations: Environmental and Health Effects

Hilpert

Mora

et al. 2015

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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At gas stations, fuel is stored and transferred between tanker trucks, storage tanks, and vehicle tanks. During both storage and transfer, a small fraction of unburned fuel is typically released to the environment unless pollution prevention technology is used. While the fraction may be small, the cumulative release can be substantial because of the large quantities of fuel sold. The cumulative release of unburned fuel is a public health concern because gas stations are widely distributed in residential areas and because fuel contains toxic and carcinogenic chemicals. We review the pathways through which gasoline is chronically released to atmospheric, aqueous, and subsurface environments, and how these releases may adversely affect human health. Adoption of suitable pollution prevention technology should not only be based on equipment and maintenance cost but also on energy-and health care-saving benefits.

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“…where t [T] is time and f [-] is the drainable porosity, or specific yield (see Brutsaert and Lopez, 1998, Charbeneau, 2000, Mendoza et al, 2003. …”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%