Group B streptococci colonization in pregnant women: risk factors and evaluation of the vaginal flora

Rocchetti, Talita Trevizani; Marconi, Camila; Rall, Vera Lúcia Mores; Borges, Vera Therezinha Medeiros; Corrente, José Eduardo; Silva, Márcia Guimarães da

doi:10.1007/s00404-010-1439-8

Cited by 46 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Pregnant women who are colonized with GBS might develop infections of the urinary tract, bacteremia, chorioamnionitis, and postpartum endometritis 23,47,48 , thus increasing the risk of PTD, PPROM and perinatal transmission [49][50][51] , resulting in neonatal sepsis and meningitis 45,52,53 . A prevalence of 7 -25% GBS colonization in AV has been reported in women between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation 54 , with intrauterine infection associated with the ability of GBS to ascend from the lower genital tract and colonize the upper genital tract [54][55][56] . In the newborn, GBS infection may be congenital or acquired 22,57 and remains the foremost cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in the world despite a recent decline in occurrence 48,52,58,59 .…”

Section: Group B Streptococci (Gbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Threat of Aerobic Vaginitis to Pregnancy and Neonatal Morbidity

Kaambo

Africa

2017

Afr J Reprod Health

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Aerobic vaginitis (AV) is an endogenous opportunistic infection brought about by the disruption of the normal vaginal microbiota. Its early diagnosis and treatment during pregnancy may reduce the risk of negative pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this review was to report on the aerobic bacteria most prevalent in AV and to provide evidence of the threat of untreated AV on pregnancy outcomes. More than 300 papers on preterm delivery were extracted from several research domains and filtered to include only AV-associated bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Group B streptococci and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Due to the diverse sample groups, study techniques and outcomes, a meta-analysis was not conducted. The review revealed that the association of AV with adverse pregnancy outcomes has not been as widely researched as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and needs further investigation. Furthermore, the frequent misdiagnosis of AV coupled with the emerging antimicrobial resistance associated with bacteria implicated in AV and neonatal nosocomial infections pose a problem for prophylaxis and treatment to reduce the risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. (Afr J Reprod Health 2017; 21[2]: 109-118). Keywords: Aerobic vaginitis; pregnancy risks; antimicrobial resistance RésuméLa vaginite aérobie (VA) est une infection opportuniste endogène provoquée par la perturbation du microbiota vaginal normal. Son diagnostic précoce et son traitement pendant la grossesse peuvent réduire le risque de résultats négatifs de grossesse. L'objectif de cette revue était de faire un rapport sur les bactéries aérobies les plus répandues en VA et de prouver la menace de la VA non traitée sur les résultats de la grossesse. Plus de 300 articles sur l'accouchement prématuré ont été tirés de plusieurs domaines de recherche et filtrés pour inclure uniquement des bactéries associées à la VA telles que Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli et streptocoques du groupe B et leur association avec des résultats de grossesse indésirables. En raison des divers groupes d'échantillons, des techniques d'étude et des résultats, une méta-analyse n'a pas été menée. L'examen a révélé que l'association de la VA avec les résultats de grossesse défavorisés n'a pas été aussi largement étudiée que la vaginose bactérienne (VB) et doit faire l'objet d'une enquête plus approfondie. En outre, le diagnostic erroné de la VA y compris la résistance antimicrobienne émergente associée à une bactérie impliquée dans les infections à vent et nonnéomatologiques constitue un problème pour la prophylaxie et le traitement afin de réduire le risque de morbidité et de mortalité maternelle et néonatale. (Afr J Reprod Health 2017; 21[2]: 109-118).

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Section: Group B Streptococci (Gbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Threat of Aerobic Vaginitis to Pregnancy and Neonatal Morbidity

Kaambo

Africa

2017

Afr J Reprod Health

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“…This colonization is a dynamic condition and represents the main risk factor for early neonatal infection. Notably, the international literature reports maternal GBS colonization rates of 6.5-36.0% in Europe 6,7 , 10.0-30.0% in North America 2,8 , 16.5-31.6% in African countries 9 , and 1.4-36.7% in South America, including Brazil [10][11][12][13] , Chile 14 , Peru 15 , and Argentina 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women via culture and PCR methods

Wollheim

Sperhacke

Fontana

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Group B Streptococcus (GBS), a source of neonatal infection, colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of pregnant women. Routine screening for maternal GBS in late pregnancy and consequent intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis have reduced the incidence of early-onset GBS neonatal infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of PCR, compared to culture (gold standard), in GBS colonization screening of pregnant women, and to establish the prevalence of GBS colonization among this population. Methods: Vaginal introitus and perianal samples were collected from 204 pregnant women, between the 35 th and 37 th weeks of pregnancy, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the University of Caxias do Sul General Hospital between June 2008 and September 2009. All samples were cultured after enrichment in a selective medium and then assayed by culture and PCR methods. Results: The culture and PCR methods yielded detection rates of vaginal/perianal GBS colonization of 22.5% and 26%, respectively (sensitivity 100%; specificity 95.6%; positive and negative predictive values 86.8% and 100%, respectively). A higher prevalence of GBS colonization was detected in the combined vaginal and perianal samples by both culture and PCR assay analyses. Conclusions: PCR is a faster and more efficient method for GBS screening, allowing for optimal identification of women who should receive intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent newborn infection.

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“…It is also associated with bacteremia, endocarditis, arthritis, and other infections in nonpregnant women with underlying diseases and in elderly adults (2). Clinical GBS isolates usually remain penicillin susceptible.…”

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confidence: 99%