Growth and Bone Age of Juvenile Diabetics

Evans, N. A.; Robinson, V. P.; Lister, Jennie

doi:10.1136/adc.47.254.589

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Even when corrected for the normal increase in BMI during puberty, most of our diabetic girls displayed a tendency toward obesity. This association of overweight and height reduction was also described by other investigators (4,6). Our data on skeletal maturation confirm previous reports that demonstrated a normal skeletal age for age in diabetic children (4,7,12).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The question whether diabetes, well treated with conventional means, still compromises the growth of diabetic children, remains controversial. Many studies claim that longitudinal growth is impaired in diabetic children (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Some investigators have observed catch-up growth in poorly controlled diabetic children after a better degree of control had been achieved (8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal Data on Growth and Final Height in Diabetic Children

1995

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Data on Growth and Final Height in Diabetic Children

1995

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“…Several early studies reported that children with diabetes were taller than controls at diagnosis [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]but this was not confirmed in other studies [7, 8, 9]. Much of the debate centred on the choice of controls, which must reflect any possible secular trend in growth, and the social class distribution of cases and controls.…”

Section: Height At Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Body Composition in Type 1 Diabetes mellitus

2002

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Over the last 50 years the prognosis for growth and pubertal development in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has improved considerably. The early reports of Mauriac’s syndrome were related not only to relative deficiency of insulin but also reduced caloric intake. Improved insulin delivery and liberalisation of caloric intake has resulted in improved growth, but subtle abnormalities persist. The frequently reported increased height at diagnosis may relate to prior hyperinsulinaemia and genetic background with respect to lDDM2 the insulin gene VNTR. Subsequent growth faltering is thought to be related to impairment of the GH/IGF-1 axis but children with T1DM are also more at risk of hypothyroidism and coeliac disease. At puberty, persisting abnormalities of the GH/IGF-1 axis and our inability to reverse these totally, even with intensified insulin therapy, contribute to the blunted pubertal growth in the girls but abnormal sex steroid concentrations may also be important. Intensification of insulin therapy may result in leptin resistance and excessive gains in fat mass, particularly in girls. Although it is likely that most children with T1DM will have normal final heights, this excessive weight gain in girls may lead to problems with compliance. Furthermore, hyperinsulinaemia in these subjects may also lead to ovarian hyperandrogenism, increased early risk of microvascular complications and long-term risk of cardiovascular disease.

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“…Studies on growth development after the clinical onset of Type i (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus have demonstrated a tendency to retarded growth, despite a fair metabolic control [3,4]. The results on growth parameters at the clinical onset of Type 1 diabetes are contradictory.…”

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confidence: 99%

A high linear growth is associated with an increased risk of childhood diabetes mellitus

1992

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Summary. Insulin release and growth are intimately connected. The aim of the present study was to investigate height and weight in diabetic children from birth to onset of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus compared to that in referent children. Data on height and weight were collected from mailed questionnaires and from growth records obtained from the child health clinics and schools in 337 recentonset diabetic children, 0-14 years old, and from 517 age-, sex-, and geographically matched referent children. A total of 9002 paired height and weight observations were collected. The anthropometric development of the children was expressed as standard deviation scores using the National Center for Health Statistics/Centers for Disease Control (NCHS/CDC) growth reference material. On the average, the diabetic children were consistently taller than the referent children, a finding more pronounced among the boys. The diabetic boys were significantly taller from 7 to i years before the clinical onset of the disease, regardless of age at onset. A similar tendency was found for the girls. When mean height from 5 to 1 years before onset was used as a possible risk factor for diabetes, a linearly increasing trend in the odds ratio was found for diabetes in boys (odds ratio = 1.0; 1.57; 2.46 for height standard deviation score values < 0; 0-1 and > 1, respectively;p = 0.002 for trend). A similar, but statistically not significant, tendency was found for girls (odds ratio = 1.0; 1.44; 1.43). As regards height increment from birth similar trends in odds ratios were found. Weight-for-height was similar among diabetic and referent children of both sexes. We conclude that diabetic boys tend to be taller and grow faster than referent boys for several years preceding the disease. A similar, but not statistically significant tendency was found among diabetic girls. Our findings indicate that rapid linear growth is a risk factor for Type I diabetes in childhood, and may be either a promoter of Type i diabetes or else a marker of a physiological mechanism that affects both growth and the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes.

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Growth and Bone Age of Juvenile Diabetics

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

Longitudinal Data on Growth and Final Height in Diabetic Children

Longitudinal Data on Growth and Final Height in Diabetic Children

Growth and Body Composition in Type 1 Diabetes mellitus

A high linear growth is associated with an increased risk of childhood diabetes mellitus

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