Growth mechanism of In(OH)3 nanocubes during hydrothermal reaction

Kim, Hae Ryong; Lee, Sung Bo; Kim, Doh Yeon; Lee, Jong Heun

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.022

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Many ∼120 nm cubes and a few nanosheets (200−600 nm) were observed Nanocubes of In(OH) 3 have usually been prepared by hydrothermal methods. 2,3,5,6,8,9,[12][13][14][15][16][17]20 Along with nanocubes, rods and sheets were also observed in these studies. Urea, 5,13,15 KOH, 19 and NaOH 13,16,17 have been used as OH − sources.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Nanocubes of In(OH) 3 have usually been prepared by hydrothermal methods. ,,,,,,− , Along with nanocubes, rods and sheets were also observed in these studies. Urea, ,, KOH, and NaOH ,, have been used as OH – sources. NaBH 4 has been used as a H – source .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…2,3,5,6,8,9,[12][13][14][15][16][17]20 Along with nanocubes, rods and sheets were also observed in these studies. Urea, 5,13,15 KOH, 19 and NaOH 13,16,17 have been used as OH − sources. NaBH 4 has been used as a H − source.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that catalytic materials with dendritic structures had high step-atom densities on the surface, resulting in good electrochemical activity . Therefore, many attempts have been made to synthesize In(OH) 3 with specific shapes such as rods, cubes, spheres, flowers, donuts, wires, sheets, corns, and nanotubes. − ,,,− For several decades, nanoparticles have been prepared by liquid-phase methods, including hydrothermal synthesis, sol–gel methods, solvothermal synthesis, and spray pyrolysis. The advantages of liquid phase methods for preparing nanoparticles have been reviewed. , Recently, liquid plasma has been considered as a new liquid phase medium for the preparation of nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Synthesis of Cubic In₂O₃ by a Liquid Plasma Method without Chemical Additives

Kim

Choi

Jung

2016

Crystal Growth & Design

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Cubic In(OH) 3 crystals were prepared by a liquid plasma method at 6 kV and 55 mA using an H-cell. The solution pH in the cathode increased with the reaction time up to 15 min due to proton reduction, which promoted the deprotonation of In aqua complexes. In(OH) 3 was formed by the deprotonation of these complexes during proton reduction. After 15 min, the pH in the cathode cell was significantly decreased, which was ascribed to proton transfer from the anode to the cathode. pH measurements showed that a pH difference between the cathode and anode cells developed during the reaction. Nucleation and crystal growth were monitored via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction analysis of samples prepared with different reaction times. Initially, small amorphous particles were formed by Ostwald ripening, and these particles rearranged to form rods with 50−90 nm lengths. Cubic In(OH) 3 crystals formed via the oriented attachment of the rods. Finally, cubic In 2 O 3 crystals were prepared by calcining the In(OH) 3 samples. Photoluminescence emission peaks corresponding to green and orange emissions were observed for the In 2 O 3 prepared by calcining the In(OH) 3 samples. Further, XPS analysis revealed oxygen defects in the In 2 O 3 nanocubes.

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