Gut Microbial Diversity in Rat Model Induced by Rhubarb

Peng, Ying; Wu, Chunfu; Yang, Jingyu; Li, Xiaobo

doi:10.1538/expanim.13-0104

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Interestingly, rhubarb, the major natural source of rhein, was traditionally used as a purgative in China, and was often used to establish chronic diarrhoea animal models ( Qin et al, 2011 ). Although recent studies suggested that rhubarb extract induced gut microbial diversity in rats, and helped to prevent obesity in mice on a chronic high-fat diet ( Peng et al, 2014 ; Wang et al, 2016 ), our results suggest that rhein may act in the intestinal lumen and be one of the effective constituents functioning in the intestinal lumen.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

Screening in larval zebrafish reveals tissue-specific distributions of fifteen fluorescent compounds

Yao

Sun

Fei

et al. 2017

Disease Models &Amp; Mechanisms

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The zebrafish is a prominent vertebrate model for low-cost in vivo whole organism screening. In our recent screening of the distribution patterns of fluorescent compounds in live zebrafish larvae, fifteen compounds with tissue-specific distributions were identified. Several compounds were observed to accumulate in tissues where they were reported to induce side-effects, and compounds with similar structures tended to be enriched in the same tissues, with minor differences. In particular, we found three novel red fluorescent bone-staining dyes: purpurin, lucidin and 3-hydroxy-morindone; purpurin can effectively label bones in both larval and adult zebrafish, as well as in postnatal mice, without significantly affecting bone mass and density. Moreover, two structurally similar chemotherapeutic compounds, doxorubicin and epirubicin, were observed to have distinct distribution preferences in zebrafish. Epirubicin maintained a relatively higher concentration in the liver, and performed better in inhibiting hepatic hyperplasia caused by the over-expression of krasG12V. In total, our study suggests that the transparent zebrafish larvae serve as valuable tools for identifying tissue-specific distributions of fluorescent compounds.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

Screening in larval zebrafish reveals tissue-specific distributions of fifteen fluorescent compounds

Yao

Sun

Fei

et al. 2017

Disease Models &Amp; Mechanisms

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show abstract

“…For example, Wang et al ( 2016 ) used an anti-inflammatory agent to show that chronic rhein (the main ingredient of rhubarb plant with anti-inflammatory properties) treatment prevented HFD-induced recognition memory impairment. The rhubarb-exposed rats also had an increased bacterial diversity in the ileum, which could also contribute or reflect the beneficial effects of the treatment (Peng et al, 2014 ). Wang et al ( 2017 ) demonstrated that teasaponin, an active component of tea with anti-inflammatory effects, limit unfavorable gut microbiota alterations, reduced body weight, improved glucose tolerance and prevent recognition memory impairment in HFD-fed mice; it also improved neuroinflammation, gliosis and BDNF deficits in hippocampus.…”

Section: Effects Of Obesity On Cognitive Functions and Moodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay Between the Gut-Brain Axis, Obesity and Cognitive Function

et al. 2018

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Obesity continues to be one of the major public health problems due to its high prevalence and co-morbidities. Common co-morbidities not only include cardiometabolic disorders but also mood and cognitive disorders. Obese subjects often show deficits in memory, learning and executive functions compared to normal weight subjects. Epidemiological studies also indicate that obesity is associated with a higher risk of developing depression and anxiety, and vice versa. These associations between pathologies that presumably have different etiologies suggest shared pathological mechanisms. Gut microbiota is a mediating factor between the environmental pressures (e.g., diet, lifestyle) and host physiology, and its alteration could partly explain the cross-link between those pathologies. Westernized dietary patterns are known to be a major cause of the obesity epidemic, which also promotes a dysbiotic drift in the gut microbiota; this, in turn, seems to contribute to obesity-related complications. Experimental studies in animal models and, to a lesser extent, in humans suggest that the obesity-associated microbiota may contribute to the endocrine, neurochemical and inflammatory alterations underlying obesity and its comorbidities. These include dysregulation of the HPA-axis with overproduction of glucocorticoids, alterations in levels of neuroactive metabolites (e.g., neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids) and activation of a pro-inflammatory milieu that can cause neuro-inflammation. This review updates current knowledge about the role and mode of action of the gut microbiota in the cross-link between energy metabolism, mood and cognitive function.

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“…Therefore, more experimental research has focused on the relationship between disease and gastrointestinal microflora. Besides, research has shown that some traditional Chinese drugs exert their effects on disease by regulating the equilibrium of intestinal microflora[ 10 , 11 ]. Many molecular biology techniques have been used to illustrate gut microbial diversity, including denaturing/temperature gradient gel electrophoresis, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, and high-throughput sequencing[ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial diversity analysis using Illumina sequencing for functional dyspepsia with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome and the interventional Xiaoyaosan in a rat model

Liu¹,

Zhao²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

WJG

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AIMTo investigate gut microbial diversity and the interventional effect of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) in a rat model of functional dyspepsia (FD) with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome.METHODSThe FD with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome rat model was established through classic chronic mild unpredictable stimulation every day. XYS group rats received XYS 1 h before the stimulation. The models were assessed by parameters including state of the rat, weight, sucrose test result and open-field test result. After 3 wk, the stools of rats were collected and genomic DNA was extracted. PCR products of the V4 region of 16S rDNA were sequenced using a barcoded Illumina paired-end sequencing technique. The primary composition of the microbiome in the stool samples was determined and analyzed by cluster analysis.RESULTSRat models were successfully established, per data from rat state, weight and open-field test. The microbiomes contained 20 phyla from all samples. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Tenericutes were the most abundant taxonomic groups. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria in the model group was higher than that in the normal group. On the contrary, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the model group was lower than that in the normal group. Upon XYS treatment, the relative abundance of all dysregulated phyla was restored to levels similar to those observed in the normal group. Abundance clustering heat map of phyla corroborated the taxonomic distribution.CONCLUSIONThe microbiome relative abundance of FD rats with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome was significantly different from the normal cohort. XYS intervention may effectively adjust the gut dysbacteriosis in FD.

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Gut Microbial Diversity in Rat Model Induced by Rhubarb

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Screening in larval zebrafish reveals tissue-specific distributions of fifteen fluorescent compounds

Screening in larval zebrafish reveals tissue-specific distributions of fifteen fluorescent compounds

Interplay Between the Gut-Brain Axis, Obesity and Cognitive Function

Gut microbial diversity analysis using Illumina sequencing for functional dyspepsia with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome and the interventional Xiaoyaosan in a rat model

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