Gut microbiota in dementia. Critical review of novel findings and their potential application

Łuc, Mateusz; Misiak, Błażej; Pawłowski, Marcin; Stańczykiewicz, Bartłomiej; Zabłocka, Agnieszka; Szczęśniak, Dorota; Pałęga, Anna; Rymaszewska, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110039

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 114 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The GM has various links to inflammatory and metabolic pathways. Dysbiosis affects the synthesis of signaling proteins that influence metabolic processes related to AD progression [15]. Aging alters the GM composition (high abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria than anti-inflammatory bacteria) and induces local systematic inflammation that causes impairment in the permeability of the GIT and blood-brain barrier function [3].…”

Section: Gm Dysbiosis and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The brain regulates the secretory and sensory functions of the gut, and the connection between the gut and brain is interceded by physiological channels such as the autonomic nervous system, neuroendocrine system, neuroimmune pathways, and signaling molecules produced by the GM [14]. However, the actual mechanism and relationship between neural dysfunction and gut dysbiosis is elusive [15]. Emerging evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis can cause neurocognitive disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and dementia, as well as the psychological and behavioral symptoms of dementia (Table 1) [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gut microbiota (GM) represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms and about 100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that dwell in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies suggest that the GM can influence the health of the host, and several factors can modify the GM composition, such as diet, drug intake, lifestyle, and geographical locations. Gut dysbiosis can affect brain immune homeostasis through the microbiota–gut–brain axis and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The relationship between gut dysbiosis and AD is still elusive, but emerging evidence suggests that it can enhance the secretion of lipopolysaccharides and amyloids that may disturb intestinal permeability and the blood–brain barrier. In addition, it can promote the hallmarks of AD, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta formation, insulin resistance, and ultimately the causation of neural death. Poor dietary habits and aging, along with inflammatory responses due to dysbiosis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, GM modulation through diet, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation could represent potential therapeutics in AD. In this review, we discuss the role of GM dysbiosis in AD and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate GM in AD.

show abstract

Section: Gm Dysbiosis and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, dysfunctions in gut microbiota or dysbiosis affect host immunity and are not only associated with chronic disease (obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, etc.) [2] but also with mental disorders, brain dysfunction or behavioral impairments such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Gut-Brain Communication

Cuesta

Guerri

Ureña

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human intestinal microbiota comprise of a dynamic population of bacterial species and other microorganisms with the capacity to interact with the rest of the organism and strongly influence the host during homeostasis and disease. Commensal and pathogenic bacteria coexist in homeostasis with the intestinal epithelium and the gastrointestinal tract’s immune system, or GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue), of the host. However, a disruption to this homeostasis or dysbiosis by different factors (e.g., stress, diet, use of antibiotics, age, inflammatory processes) can cause brain dysfunction given the communication between the gut and brain. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bacteria have emerged as possible carriers in gut-brain communication through the interaction of their vesicle components with immune receptors, which lead to neuroinflammatory immune response activation. This review discusses the critical role of bacterial EVs from the gut in the neuropathology of brain dysfunctions by modulating the immune response. These vesicles, which contain harmful bacterial EV contents such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycans, toxins and nucleic acids, are capable of crossing tissue barriers including the blood-brain barrier and interacting with the immune receptors of glial cells (e.g., Toll-like receptors) to lead to the production of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, which can cause brain impairment and behavioral dysfunctions.

show abstract

“…More recent research revealed that OMV may cross the blood–brain barrier and contribute to neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment linked with neurodegeneration disease such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson’s disease and dementia. The possible mechanism may involve transfer of small RNA non-coding RNA elements contained within OMV into host cells, thereby regulating host gene expression [ 160 – 165 ].…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles (Evs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracellular vesicles (EVs) 4.1.EV biogenesis [ 49 - 55 , 82 - 95 ] 4.2.EV function [ 60 - 81 , 172 - 177 , 166 - 171 , 187 - 191 ] 4.3.Environmental and genetic influence [ 178 - 186 ] 4.4.EV entrapment of fecal miRNA [ 7 , 96 , 97 ] 4.5.Brain- derived EVs [ 98 - 125 ] 4.6. Microbiota derived EVs [ 126 - 165 ] …”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles (Evs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicle-derived miRNA as a novel regulatory system for bi-directional communication in gut-brain-microbiota axis

Zhao

et al. 2021

J Transl Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gut-brain-microbiota axis (GBMAx) coordinates bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, and is increasingly recognized as playing a central role in physiology and disease. MicroRNAs are important intracellular components secreted by extracellular vesicles (EVs), which act as vital mediators of intercellular and interspecies communication. This review will present current advances in EV-derived microRNAs and their potential functional link with GBMAx. We propose that EV-derived microRNAs comprise a novel regulatory system for GBMAx, and a potential novel therapeutic target for modifying GBMAx in clinical therapy.

show abstract

Gut microbiota in dementia. Critical review of novel findings and their potential application

Cited by 47 publications

References 114 publications

Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

Role of Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Gut-Brain Communication

Extracellular vesicle-derived miRNA as a novel regulatory system for bi-directional communication in gut-brain-microbiota axis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About