Ha-DEF1, a sunflower defensin, induces cell death in Orobanche parasitic plants

Zélicourt, Axel de; Letousey, Patricia; Thoiron, Séverine; Campion, Claire; Simoneau, Philippe; Elmorjani, Khalil; Marion, Didier; Simier, Philippe; Delavault, Philippe

doi:10.1007/s00425-007-0507-1

Cited by 74 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Recombinant GDSL1 was produced in Escherichia coli (Origami) as previously described (Elmorjani et al, 2004;de Zélicourt et al, 2007) after amplification using specific primers (GDSL39, 59-TAAAGCTTATGCATG-TGAAT-39; and GDSL59, 59-ATCCATGGGGCAAAGTGAAGCTAGGGC-ATTT-39) and insertion into expression vectors.…”

Section: Production Of Recombinant Gdsl1 For Generation Of Polyclonalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato GDSL1 Is Required for Cutin Deposition in the Fruit Cuticle

et al. 2012

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The plant cuticle consists of cutin, a polyester of glycerol, hydroxyl, and epoxy fatty acids, covered and filled by waxes. While the biosynthesis of cutin building blocks is well documented, the mechanisms underlining their extracellular deposition remain unknown. Among the proteins extracted from dewaxed tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) peels, we identified GDSL1, a member of the GDSL esterase/acylhydrolase family of plant proteins. GDSL1 is strongly expressed in the epidermis of growing fruit. In GDSL1-silenced tomato lines, we observed a significant reduction in fruit cuticle thickness and a decrease in cutin monomer content proportional to the level of GDSL1 silencing. A significant decrease of wax load was observed only for cuticles of the severely silenced transgenic line. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of isolated cutins revealed a reduction in cutin density in silenced lines. Indeed, FTIR-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy imaging showed that drastic GDSL1 silencing leads to a reduction in ester bond cross-links and to the appearance of nanopores in tomato cutins. Furthermore, immunolabeling experiments attested that GDSL1 is essentially entrapped in the cuticle proper and cuticle layer. These results suggest that GDSL1 is specifically involved in the extracellular deposition of the cutin polyester in the tomato fruit cuticle.

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Section: Production Of Recombinant Gdsl1 For Generation Of Polyclonalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato GDSL1 Is Required for Cutin Deposition in the Fruit Cuticle

et al. 2012

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“…These observations prompted us to determine whether plant defensins inhibit the growth of root hair cells in a manner similar to that of growing fungal hyphae. Further, it has been recently reported that the sunXower defensin, Ha-Def1, rapidly browns seedling of the parasitic plant, Orobanche cumana (de Zélicourt et al 2007). However, no other plant defensins have been shown to aVect plant growth or development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant defensins and virally encoded fungal toxin KP4 inhibit plant root growth

Allen

Snyder

Preuss

et al. 2007

Planta

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Plant defensins are small, highly stable, cysteine-rich antimicrobial proteins that are thought to constitute an important component of plant defense against fungal pathogens. There are a number of such defensins expressed in various plant tissues with differing antifungal activity and spectrum. Relatively little is known about the modes of action and biological roles of these proteins. Our previous work on a virally encoded fungal toxin, KP4, from Ustilago maydis and subsequently with the plant defensin, MsDef1, from Medicago sativa demonstrated that some of these proteins specifically blocked calcium channels in both fungi and animals. The results presented here demonstrate that KP4 and three plant defensins, MsDef1, MtDef2, and RsAFP2, all inhibit root growth in germinating Arabidopsis seeds at low micromolar concentrations. We have previously demonstrated that a fusion protein composed of Rab GTPase (RabA4b) and enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) is dependent upon calcium gradients for localization to the tips of the growing root hairs in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using this tip-localized fusion protein, we demonstrate that all four proteins rapidly depolarize the growing root hair and block growth in a reversible manner. This inhibitory activity on root and root hair is not directly correlated with the antifungal activity of these proteins and suggests that plants apparently express targets for these antifungal proteins. The data presented here suggest that plant defensins may have roles in regulating plant growth and development.

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“…thus showing a diVerent cell death initiation site compared to the treatment with sunXower defensin Ha-DEF1 (de Zelicourt et al 2007). …”

Section: Aal-toxin Activity On Broomrape Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Phelipanche and Orobanche species to AAL-toxin

Zélicourt

Montiel

Pouvreau

et al. 2009

Planta

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Fusarium and Alternaria spp. are phytopathogenic fungi which are known to be virulent on broomrapes and to produce sphinganine-analog mycotoxins (SAMs). AAL-toxin is a SAM produced by Alternaria alternata which causes the inhibition of sphinganine N-acyltransferase, a key enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis, leading to accumulation of sphingoid bases. These long chain bases (LCBs) are determinant in the occurrence of programmed cell death (PCD) in susceptible plants. We showed that broomrapes are sensitive to AAL-toxin, which is not common plant behavior, and that AAL-toxin triggers cell death at the apex of the radicle as well as LCB accumulation and DNA laddering. We also demonstrated that three Lag1 homologs, encoding components of sphinganine N-acyltransferase in yeast, are present in the Orobanche cumana genome and two of them are mutated leading to an enhanced susceptibility to AAL-toxin. We therefore propose a model for the molecular mechanism governing broomrape susceptibility to the fungus Alternaria alternata.

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Ha-DEF1, a sunflower defensin, induces cell death in Orobanche parasitic plants

Cited by 74 publications

References 35 publications

Tomato GDSL1 Is Required for Cutin Deposition in the Fruit Cuticle

Tomato GDSL1 Is Required for Cutin Deposition in the Fruit Cuticle

Plant defensins and virally encoded fungal toxin KP4 inhibit plant root growth

Susceptibility of Phelipanche and Orobanche species to AAL-toxin

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