Harbingers of dioxins in thermal decomposition of high-energy fuel

Abstract

Combustion of high-energy chemical fuels containing dioxins in their elemental composition can lead to the formation of super eco toxicants on smoke particles-polychlorinated dioxins and furans. The choice of the method of solving the equations of chemical kinetics is basic in numerical experiment. Calculation and theoretical studies were carried out to solve the problem of determining the parameters of combustion products of chemical fuels taking into account the formation of traces of polychlorinated dioxins. Basic information on the adopted method of determining non-equilibrium composition of combustion products of chlorine-containing chemical fuels is presented. Based on the literary analysis on the mechanisms and rates of chemical reactions of conversion of chlorine-containing compounds, a kinetic model of formation of traces of dioxins was built. Numerical calculations on the assumption of chemical equilibrium have shown that the dioxins formation process is substantially non-equilibrium. The results of kinetic studies on the emission of dioxins precursors showed the nature of the change in time of various components of combustion products of chemical fuels depending on temperature.

Formation of soot in the disposal of municipal solid waste

“…These equations allow you to calculate the soot yield during combustion. Formulas (2.4)-(2.9) form a system of equations for calculating the soot yield in a turbulent flow [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Upgrading the hot water supply system as a way to save energy

“…Most works on energy conservation consider the tasks of reducing the price of energy and dependence on fossil fuels, the use of renewable energy sources and CHP waste [7][8][9][10][11][12] and reduction of heat losses during transportation [13][14][15][16], influence of insulation thickness on cost parameters and corresponding savings in heat supply system [14,17], reducing air pollution and actually saving carbon emissions [18], environmental impact of district heating systems and determination of combustion products parameters [17,[19][20][21][22][23]. Improvement of energy efficiency of heat supply systems of Russian cities when replacing central heat points with individual heat points is considered in the work [24], identification and disclosure of the main problems of deterioration of the quality of thermal protection of buildings, increase of thermal losses [25].…”