Health beneficial effects of resistant starch on diabetes and obesity <i>via</i> regulation of gut microbiota: a review

Liu, Huicui; Zhang, Min; Ma, Qingyu; Tian, Baoming; Nie, Chenxi; Chen, Zhifei; Li, Juxiu

doi:10.1039/d0fo00855a

Cited by 68 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Indeed, it is clear how feeding has great relevance in this transitional time point, highlighting these primary results. Although Ruminococcaceae are often associated with beneficial outcomes (Liu et al, 2020) based on their roles in butyrate metabolism in adults (Biddle et al, 2013), their presence in our cohort was not necessarily beneficial. Thus, the different and widely reported involvement of Bifidobacteriaceae in gut health remains a key factor to be considered in formula feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Early Life Microbiota Colonization at Six Months of Age: A Transitional Time Point

Raspini

Vacca

Porri

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundEarly life gut microbiota is involved in several biological processes, particularly metabolism, immunity, and cognitive neurodevelopment. Perturbation in the infant’s gut microbiota increases the risk for diseases in early and later life, highlighting the importance of understanding the connections between perinatal factors with early life microbial composition. The present research paper is aimed at exploring the prenatal and postnatal factors influencing the infant gut microbiota composition at six months of age.MethodsGut microbiota of infants enrolled in the longitudinal, prospective, observational study “A.MA.MI” (Alimentazione MAmma e bambino nei primi MIlle giorni) was analyzed. We collected and analyzed 61 fecal samples at baseline (meconium, T0); at six months of age (T2), we collected and analyzed 53 fecal samples. Samples were grouped based on maternal and gestational weight factors, type of delivery, type of feeding, time of weaning, and presence/absence of older siblings. Alpha and beta diversities were evaluated to describe microbiota composition. Multivariate analyses were performed to understand the impact of the aforementioned factors on the infant’s microbiota composition at six months of age.ResultsDifferent clustering hypotheses have been tested to evaluate the impact of known metadata factors on the infant microbiota. Neither maternal body mass index nor gestational weight gain was able to determine significant differences in infant microbiota composition six months of age. Concerning the type of feeding, we observed a low alpha diversity in exclusive breastfed infants; conversely, non-exclusively breastfed infants reported an overgrowth of Ruminococcaceae and Flavonifractor. Furthermore, we did not find any statistically significant difference resulting from an early introduction of solid foods (before 4 months of age). Lastly, our sample showed a higher abundance of clostridial patterns in firstborn babies when compared to infants with older siblings in the family.ConclusionOur findings showed that, at this stage of life, there is not a single factor able to affect in a distinct way the infants’ gut microbiota development. Rather, there seems to be a complex multifactorial interaction between maternal and neonatal factors determining a unique microbial niche in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Early Life Microbiota Colonization at Six Months of Age: A Transitional Time Point

Raspini

Vacca

Porri

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Luo et al (2019) reported that a high soy isoflavone diet (450 mg/kg) can reduce the occludin concentration in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats [81]. There are previous reports stating the beneficial effects of resistant starch in preventing type 2 diabetes and obesity through improving gut barrier function [82]. While it is unclear why occludin concentration was reduced in our LS group, it can be understood that the effect of resistant starch and high equol levels in improving gut barrier function in the LSR group was considerably high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high plasma butyric acid concentration in the LR and LSR groups also proved this. Of all the SCFAs, butyrate has been studied most extensively for its role in nourishing the colonic mucosa and maintaining gut barrier function [82]. A meta-analysis indicated that in PCOS patients, abnormal SCFA metabolism was caused by disrupted gut microbiota, which is linked to insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia [83].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Soy Isoflavones, Resistant Starch and Antibiotics on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-Like Features in Letrozole-Treated Rats

et al. 2021

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women. Recently, various dietary interventions have been used extensively as a novel therapy against PCOS. In the present study, we show that soy isoflavone metabolites and resistant starch, together with gut microbiota modulations, were successful in decreasing the severity of PCOS-like reproductive features while increasing the expression of gut barrier markers and butyric acid in the gut. In the letrozole-induced PCOS model rats, the intake of both 0.05% soy isoflavones and 11% resistant starch, even with letrozole treatment, reduced the severity of menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovaries with a high concentration of soy isoflavones and equol in plasma. Antibiotic cocktail treatment suppressed soy isoflavone metabolism in the gut and showed no considerable effects on reducing the PCOS-like symptoms. The mRNA expression level of occludin significantly increased with soy isoflavone and resistant starch combined treatment. Bacterial genera such as Blautia, Dorea and Clostridium were positively correlated with menstrual irregularity under resistant starch intake. Moreover, the concentration of butyric acid was elevated by resistant starch intake. In conclusion, we propose that both dietary interventions and gut microbiota modulations could be effectively used in reducing the severity of PCOS reproductive features.

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“…Among the functional components, Kudzu starch is commonly used as a functional food to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Kudzu starch contains a certain amount of resistant starch, which is a new type of dietary fiber frequently reported in recent studies, and a large number of studies have shown that resistant starch is an important part of daily food with significant hypoglycemic properties [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kudzu Resistant Starch: An Effective Regulator of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Song

Dong

Zang

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Kudzu is a traditional medicinal dietary supplement, and recent research has shown its significant benefits in the prevention/treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Starch is one of the main substances in Kudzu that contribute decisively to the treatment of T2DM. However, the underlying mechanism of the hypoglycemic activity is not clear. In this study, the effect of Kudzu resistant starch supplementation on the insulin resistance, gut physical barrier, and gut microbiota was investigated in T2DM mice. The result showed that Kudzu resistant starch could significantly decrease the value of fasting blood glucose and the levels of total cholesterol, total triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein, as well as low-density lipoprotein, in the blood of T2DM mice. The insulin signaling sensitivity in liver tissue was analyzed; the result indicated that intake of different doses of Kudzu resistant starch can help restore the expression of IRS-1, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and Glut4 and thus enhance the efficiency of insulin synthesis. Furthermore, the intestinal microorganism changes before and after ingestion of Kudzu resistant starch were also analyzed; the result revealed that supplementation of KRS helps to alleviate and improve the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota caused by T2DM. These results validated that Kudzu resistant starch could improve the glucose sensitivity of T2DM mice by modulating IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/Glut4 signaling transduction. Kudzu resistant starch can be used as a promising prebiotic, and it also has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota structure of T2DM mice.

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Health beneficial effects of resistant starch on diabetes and obesity via regulation of gut microbiota: a review

Abstract: Resistant starch (RS) is well known to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity.

Cited by 68 publications

References 165 publications

Early Life Microbiota Colonization at Six Months of Age: A Transitional Time Point

Early Life Microbiota Colonization at Six Months of Age: A Transitional Time Point

Effects of Soy Isoflavones, Resistant Starch and Antibiotics on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-Like Features in Letrozole-Treated Rats

Kudzu Resistant Starch: An Effective Regulator of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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