Health Referral Enterprise Architecture Design in Indonesia

Abstract

ObjectivesIn this study an enterprise architecture (EA) was developed for a health referral information system (HRIS) for individual healthcare in Indonesia with reference to the Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) 9.1. The HRIS includes patient referrals for vertical and horizontal references (internal and external), specimen referrals, and health personnel referrals.MethodsThis research was a qualitative study that used the interview and observation method of the Primary Health Care Information System (SIMPUS) application developed by the Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT). The interviews were conducted at South Tangerang City Government Health Office with five resource persons who were responsible for conducting health referral processes.ResultsThe EA of the HRIS includes the principles of architecture, business, application, data, and technology architecture. Twelve principles, four referral processes, and three application reference modules and centralized applications comprise the architecture of the HRIS. The HRIS is a centralized integrated application that uses application program interface (API) to integrate with SIMPUS.ConclusionsThe proposed architecture was developed in an integrated and comprehensive manner for the individual healthcare referral process, which can be implemented by regulators and healthcare facilities. This architecture can also help regulators and healthcare facilities to standardize and integrate health referral data and related processes.

Barriers in Health Information Systems and Technologies to Support Maternal and Neonatal Referrals at Primary Health Centers

“…In Indonesia, application developers often neglect existing IS/IT, which causes a lack of integration [25]. Enterprise architecture [14] and application programming interfaces [25] can serve as solutions to design integrated IS/IT. We proposed an architectural design for integrated health referral IS/IT in PHCs (Figure 3).…”

“…The district of South Tangerang in Banten Province is an urban area in Indonesia that is currently developing an integrated referral system focusing on individual health referrals [14]. In Indonesia, maternal and neonatal referral health systems have different guidelines and requirements from those of individual health referrals [15].…”

Practice and Opinion of Doctors in Primary Health Care Centers Toward Referral System: Samples from Nine Governorates in Iraq

“…They could also increase when there is a higher potential for malpractice claims. Malpractice claims lead to defensive medicine practices, amongst which are high referrals (22)(23)(24)(25).…”

Designing a health referral mobile application for high-mobility end users in Indonesia

“…The referral system in Indonesia has been regulated by the Minister of Health's Regulation Number 001 since 2012. Generally, there are three types of health referrals: patient, specimen, and medical personnel [23]. When a patient is registered for the JKN, they will be assigned to the nearest FKTP.…”

“…This study used two UMLs: the use case diagram (UCD) and the activity diagram. Both diagrams resulted from previous research [23] with a few additions. Activity diagrams a used to describe the activity or process of the current reference.…”