“…More specifically, in a solid system, microorganisms evolve as colonies and due to diffusional limitations of oxygen and nutrients, as well as the accumulation of (acidic) metabolic products around the colony, micro-organisms may experience a self-induced (acid) stress that could affect their overall kinetics and response to various environmental factors. Additionally, microorganisms grown as colonies could display/develop a different level of antimicrobial resistance due to environmental stress adaptation and cross protection (Aspridou et al, 2014;Baka et al, 2013;Noriega et al, 2013;Velliou et al, 2010Velliou et al, , 2011Velliou et al, , 2012Velliou et al, , 2013Yousef and Juneja, 2003). For example, significant differences in microbial kinetics have been reported in food model systems as compared to liquid broths for both growth (Antwi et al, 2008;Brocklehurst et al, 1997;Noriega et al, 2010a;Skandamis and Jeanson, 2015;Theys et al, 2009;Wilson et al, 2002) and inactivation studies (Baka et al, 2017b;Velliou et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2017).…”