Heat-Integrated Concepts for Automotive Exhaust Purification

Bernnat, Jens; Rink, Matthias; Tuttlies, Ute; Danner, Timo; Nieken, Ulrich; Eigenberger, Gerhart

doi:10.1007/s11244-009-9391-1

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The most important characteristic para-meter is the so-called amplification factor a F [7,5], which is defined as the ratio between maximum temperature rise DT max in the heat-integrated reactor and the adiabatic temperature rise DT ad , by the exothermic reaction on the catalyst. The most important characteristic para-meter is the so-called amplification factor a F [7,5], which is defined as the ratio between maximum temperature rise DT max in the heat-integrated reactor and the adiabatic temperature rise DT ad , by the exothermic reaction on the catalyst.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper special focus will be put on comparing the stationary performance of the two different integrated design concepts. The most important characteristic para-meter is the so-called amplification factor a F [7,5], which is defined as the ratio between maximum temperature rise DT max in the heat-integrated reactor and the adiabatic temperature rise DT ad , by the exothermic reaction on the catalyst. In Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat‐Integrated Exhaust Purification for Natural Gas Engines

Rink¹,

Eigenberger²,

Nieken³

2013

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Vehicles running on compressed natural gas (CNG) are a promising option to significantly decrease automotive CO 2 emissions. However, considerable amounts of methane are emitted by the exhaust of CNG powered engines which are difficult to convert by standard catalytic converters. Yet, by combining the catalyst with an efficient heat exchanger, the temperature level of the catalyst can be raised for enhanced conversion performance. Experimental results of stationary tests performed with a heat-integrated laboratory-scale system are shown. A special cold start strategy required for fast system heating is presented based on a detailed transient simulation study and a new system layout is described.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat‐Integrated Exhaust Purification for Natural Gas Engines

Rink¹,

Eigenberger²,

Nieken³

2013

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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“…In addition to the nature of the feed, another key factor is the allowable or possible operating temperature of the catalyst section in the reactor. In some cases, the internal recuperation of energy may be used to maintain a high reactor temperature even with a low feed temperature [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane Combustion Kinetics over Palladium-Based Catalysts: Review and Modelling Guidelines

Kumar,

Mmbaga,

Semagina

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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Fugitive methane emissions account for a significant proportion of greenhouse gas emissions, and their elimination by catalytic combustion is a relatively easy way to reduce global warming. New and novel reactor designs are being considered for this purpose, but their correct and efficient design requires kinetic rate expressions. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of the art regarding kinetic models for precious metal catalysts used for the catalytic combustion of lean methane mixtures. The primary emphasis is on relatively low-temperature operation at atmospheric pressure, conditions that are prevalent in the catalytic destruction of low concentrations of methane in emission streams. In addition to a comprehensive literature search, we illustrate a detailed example of the methodology required to determine an appropriate kinetic model and the constants therein. From the wide body of literature, it is seen that the development of a kinetic model is not necessarily a trivial matter, and it is difficult to generalize. The model, especially the dependence on the water concentration, is a function of not only the active ingredients but also the nature of the support. Kinetic modelling is performed for six catalysts, one commercial and five that were manufactured in our laboratory, for illustration purposes.

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“…Some exhaust system designs have been proposed in which recuperative heat transfer or energy addition is used as a means of increasing the temperature of the catalytic converter to enhance the reaction rate [9][10][11], although these methods add complexity to the exhaust system. To avoid this complexity, a catalyst that is active at low temperatures and is resistant to deactivation both in the presence and the absence of water is desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing Studies of Pt- and Pd-Based Catalysts for the Combustion of Lean Methane Mixtures

Istratescu

Hayes

2023

Processes

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This paper presents results obtained for the thermal and hydrothermal ageing of seven commercial precious metals-based catalysts for the combustion of methane. Experiments are performed in a large excess of oxygen representing lean conditions. Temperatures used are those typically found in lean burn compression ignition engines. The precious metals used were platinum, palladium and rhodium, present either singly or in combination. The most active catalyst contains a platinum and palladium mixture, with palladium being dominant. This catalyst was also the least affected by both thermal and hydrothermal ageing. The second most active catalyst contained only palladium, but this catalyst also demonstrated more susceptibility to ageing. The least active catalyst contained only platinum, although this catalyst was also the least affected by hydrothermal ageing. The addition of rhodium to either palladium or platinum–palladium catalysts caused a more rapid loss in activity at higher temperatures, although the loss in activity at lower temperatures was similar in magnitude to those catalysts without rhodium. In some cases, cycling the reactor temperature between high and low restored some activity to the catalyst. In all cases, the catalyst activity was observed to be lower in the presence of water, after both thermal and hydrothermal ageing.

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Heat-Integrated Concepts for Automotive Exhaust Purification

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Heat‐Integrated Exhaust Purification for Natural Gas Engines

Heat‐Integrated Exhaust Purification for Natural Gas Engines

Methane Combustion Kinetics over Palladium-Based Catalysts: Review and Modelling Guidelines

Ageing Studies of Pt- and Pd-Based Catalysts for the Combustion of Lean Methane Mixtures

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