Heat killed Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an adjuvant for the induction of vaccine-mediated immunity against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Grover, Ajay; McLean, Jennifer; Troudt, JoLynn; Foster, Chad; Izzo, Linda; Creissen, Elisabeth; Macdonald, E.B.; Troy, Amber; Izzo, Angelo A.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.052

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…While certain pathogenic yeasts have developed immuneevading strategies, such as epitope-masking to control the production and exposure of highly antigenic cell wall proteins (Candida albicans) (58) or epigenetic switching to selectively silence their expression (Plasmodium species, Pneumocystis species, and Trypanosoma) (59), the high cell wall antigenicity other yeast such Saccharomyces cerevisiae make them prime candidates for the creation of vaccine adjuvants (60). The yeast cell wall compiles multiple highly antigenic components in a single location enabling a multi-pronged immune activation, namely through the recognition of β-glucans by dectin-1 and CR3 leading to activation of other inflammatory cells and T-cell responses (58,59,61). The mucosal and systemic immunity triggered by oral vaccine delivery could be enhanced with the incorporation of yeasts, potentially leading to higher baseline antibody levels following fewer doses.…”

Section: The Impact Of Yeasts On the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because most yeasts trigger a rapid immune response, disease applications where treatment efficacy and immune stimulation can function synergistically are preferred (58)(59)(60). Due to the low transfection efficiency, it is generally advised to restrict yeast-encapsulated gene-editing therapies to the GI tract alone (24,47,66).…”

Section: Disease Targets For Oral Yeast Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past two decades, there have been numerous studies investigating the use of yeasts in raising an immune response against different pathogenic species [ 58–60 ]. While certain pathogenic yeasts have developed immune-evading strategies, such as epitope-masking to control the production and exposure of highly antigenic cell wall proteins ( Candida albicans) [ 58 ] or epigenetic switching to selectively silence their expression ( Plasmodium species, Pneumocystis species, and Trypanosoma ) [ 59 ], the high cell wall antigenicity other yeast such Saccharomyces cerevisiae make them prime candidates for the creation of vaccine adjuvants [ 60 ].…”

Section: The Impact Of Yeasts On the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several components of yeast capsules can stimulate or modulate the host immune response. The inner yeast cell wall comprises β-1,3-glucan (80–90%), β-1,6-glucan (8–18%), and chitin (1–2%), while the outer cell wall largely consists of mannoproteins [ 59 ]. β-glucans are immediately recognized by dectin-1 and complement receptor 3 (CR3) in the host body, resulting in subsequent opsonization, an influx of inflammatory cells, and T-cell responses (Th17, Th1, and cytotoxic).…”

Section: The Impact Of Yeasts On the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yeasts in nanotechnology-enabled oral vaccine and gene delivery

Иванова

2021

Bioengineered

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Oral vaccine and gene delivery systems must be engineered to withstand several different physiological environments, such as those present in the oral cavity, stomach, and jejunum, each of which exhibits varying pH levels and enzyme distributions. Additionally, these systems must be designed to ensure appropriate gastrointestinal absorption and tissue/cellular targeting properties. Although a plethora of nanomaterials are employed in the construction of these delivery devices, yeasts display unique characteristics, such a rigid cell wall and a resistance to harsh environments, that make them a prime vehicle for oral delivery of active pharmaceutical agents, vaccines, and genetic material. The ability of yeast cells to adhere to other cells or substrates is a crucial property that allows for more efficient gastrointestinal passage and subsequent systemic circulation, which has enabled substantial advancements in therapeutic efficacy in the pharmaceutical arena. Among several discoveries, the feasibility of yeast for vaccine and gene delivery is supported by findings from recent studies that yeasts have the ability to independently activate or deactivate separate but co-functioning portions of the immune system to synergistically ameliorate treatment effects. The purpose of this review is to present current information on the uses of yeast in the development of oral vaccines and gene delivery systems with an emphasis on yeast-related mechanisms of immune system activation, along with potential clinical implications in terms of disease targets and approaches to formulations. ResultsThe oral route for delivery of vaccines and gene therapies offers a number of advantages, including ease of administration, manufacturing efficiency, and cost. However, before widespread adoption of this therapeutic modality can occur, factors such as adequate local and systemic availability of the therapeutic agent and accurate targeting of tissues and cells, are just some of the challenges that must be addressed. Yeasts-based delivery vehicles are excellent candidates for oral vaccine and oral gene therapies as many species possess cellular characteristics resulting in enhanced resistance to the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment and facilitated passage across the mucosal barrier. Yeast capsules can stimulate and modulate host immune responses, which is beneficial for vaccine efficacy. In addition, recombinant modification of yeasts to express cell penetrating proteins and injection mechanisms along with efficient cell adhering capabilities can potentially improve transfection rates of genetic material. In this literature review, we present evidence supporting the beneficial role yeast-based delivery systems can play in increasing the efficacy of oral administration of vaccines and gene therapies.

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Section: The Impact Of Yeasts On the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disease Targets For Oral Yeast Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Impact Of Yeasts On the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Impact Of Yeasts On the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Yeasts in nanotechnology-enabled oral vaccine and gene delivery

Иванова

2021

Bioengineered

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“…Booster vaccines stimulate pre-existing antigen specific immune cells to induce a greater, more rapid response similar to that expected during infection. BCG priming in mice is already able to eliminate approximately 90% of the mycobacterial burden, suggesting it may be difficult to observe boosting, using this host and microbiological endpoint [32, 33]. Boosting BCG with a second vaccine will hopefully result in faster and stronger immune responses than what is seen with BCG alone.…”

Section: Boosting Bcg? a MIX Of The Old And The Newmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis vaccines — perspectives from the NIH/NIAID Mycobacteria vaccine testing program

Izzo

2017

Current Opinion in Immunology

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The development of novel vaccine candidates against infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis has highlighted our limited understanding of immune mechanisms required to kill M. tuberculosis. The induction of a Th1 immunity is vital, but new studies are required to identify other mechanisms that may be necessary. Novel vaccines formulations that invoke effector cells such as innate lymphoid cells may provide an environment that promote effector mechanisms including T cell and B cell mediated immunity. Identifying pathways associated with killing this highly successful infectious agent has become critical to achieving the goal of reducing the global tuberculosis burden.

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