Heavy metal effects on Proteus mirabilis Superoxide dismutase production

Eickhoff, Jennifer; Potts, E. A.; Valtos, Joshua; Niederhoffer, Eric C.

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(95)00324-x

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Proteus mirabilis expresses a combination of SOD activity that requires Fe, Mn or Cu, production of the enzyme being dependent on the availability of oxygen (Eickhoff et al, 1995). Also, incubation with certain antibiotics affects the redox status and the production of SOD (Dayton et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action of ciprofloxacin on planktonic bacteria and biofilm of Proteus mirabilis

Aiassa¹,

Barnes²,

Albesa

2006

Biofilms

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Proteus mirabilis can persist in biofilms, with the bacteria in this state tending to resist antibiotic therapy. Until now, the relationship between the action of ciprofloxacin and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has not been studied in planktonic and biofilmic P. mirabilis. Our results show that ciprofloxacin stimulates the production of ROS in planktonic P. mirabilis, but that the increase in ROS was observed in sensitive strains (n = 4) only in the absence of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This augmentation of ROS was principally intracellular, invoking an increase in intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD). ROS were assayed by chemiluminescence (CL) and SOD by inhibition of reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium in the presence of methionine, riboflavin and light. The antibiotic-resistant strains (n = 4) did not suffer oxidative stress and exhibited a higher antioxidant capacity than antibiotic-sensitive ones, as indicated by tripyridyltriazine assay. Both types of bacterial strain showed a reduction in antioxidant capacity in the presence of ciprofloxacin, and only the resistant bacteria returned to normal count levels within 5 min of introduction of antibiotic. Ciprofloxacin stimulated ROS more than it did nitric oxide (NO) in planktonic bacteria, as determined by Griess's reaction. Proteus mirabilis biofilms treated with ciprofloxacin did not suffer any increase in ROS but there was an increase in NO and the ratio of intracellular ROS:NO decreased to 25%. Biofilms of P. mirabilis were neither stressed nor inhibited by 40 µg ciprofloxacin/ml, a dose higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (i.e. supra MIC). Both resistant and sensitive strains maintained the number of viable bacteria in biofilms incubated with supra MIC ciprofloxacin at concentrations that stressed and reduced substantially the number of colony-forming units of planktonic bacteria per millilitre. These results contribute to understanding of the differences between biofilmic and planktonic bacteria, with respect to susceptibility to oxidative stress caused by ciprofloxacin and also the antioxidant effect of ECM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action of ciprofloxacin on planktonic bacteria and biofilm of Proteus mirabilis

Aiassa¹,

Barnes²,

Albesa

2006

Biofilms

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“…The cadmium binding protein of Bacillus acidocaldarius displayed a very high N‐terminal amino acid sequence homology to SODs, although the authors did not comment on this [3]. In Proteus mirabilis , cadmium and lead caused decreased intracellular FeSOD but increased MnSOD production [18]. As a result of chronic sublethal treatment with cadmium, a microalga, Tetraselmis gracilis , produced significantly more SOD [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A lead-absorbing protein with superoxide dismutase activity fromStreptomyces subrutilus

Rho

Lee

et al. 2001

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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A lead binding protein was purified from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces subrutilus P5. The subunit and native molecular weights were estimated to be 28 and 55 kDa, respectively, indicating that the protein was composed of two identical subunits. The inhibition pattern, the metal content analysis and the EPR spectrum confirmed that the protein was a superoxide dismutase containing Fe and Zn (FeZnSOD). The protein precipitated immediately upon mixing with lead ions and the saturation number of lead ions was about 1100 lead atoms per subunit. Using this property, lead ions could be effectively removed from solutions.

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“…However, supplementation with Fe could partially negate the effect of heavy metal ions. This indicated that Cd and Pb might compete with Fe and disrupt the Fe-and redox-dependent regulatory systems that would be important in SOD expression (Eickhoff et al, 1995). University of Tartu, Estonia, has patented a Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 strain for the treatment of gastrointestinal and urogenital infections, and oxidative stress, due to its high SOD activity apart from the well-known antimicrobial properties (Mikelsaar et al, 2007).…”

Section: Production Processes For Sodmentioning

confidence: 97%

Superoxide dismutase: an industrial perspective

Bafana

Dutt

Kumar

et al. 2010

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

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The application of enzyme technologies to industrial research, development, and manufacturing has become a very important field. Since the production of crude rennet in 1874, several enzymes have been commercialized, and used for therapeutic, supplementary, and other applications. Recent advancements in biotechnology now allow companies to produce safer and less expensive enzymes with enhanced potency and specificity. Antioxidant enzymes are emerging as a new addition to the pool of industrial enzymes and are surpassing all other enzymes in terms of the volume of research and production. In the 1990s, an antioxidant enzyme--superoxide dismutase (SOD)--was introduced into the market. Although the enzyme initially showed great promise in therapeutic applications, it did not perform up to expectations. Consequently, its use was limited to non-drug applications in humans and drug applications in animals. This review summarizes the rise and fall of SOD at the industrial level, the reasons for this, and potential future thrust areas that need to be addressed. The review also focuses on other industrially relevant aspects of SOD such as industrial importance, enzyme engineering, production processes, and process optimization and scale-up.

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Heavy metal effects on Proteus mirabilis Superoxide dismutase production

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Action of ciprofloxacin on planktonic bacteria and biofilm of Proteus mirabilis

Action of ciprofloxacin on planktonic bacteria and biofilm of Proteus mirabilis

A lead-absorbing protein with superoxide dismutase activity fromStreptomyces subrutilus

Superoxide dismutase: an industrial perspective

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