Hepatitis delta virus: From biological and medical aspects to current and investigational therapeutic options

Alfaiate, Dulce; Dény, Paul; Durantel, David

doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.08.009

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 230 publications

(244 reference statements)

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“…1,2 It is a small, satellite, singlestranded RNA virus that requires the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) for assembly and transmission 3,4 and is associated with faster progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma and death than HBV mono-infection. 1,2 It is a small, satellite, singlestranded RNA virus that requires the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) for assembly and transmission 3,4 and is associated with faster progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma and death than HBV mono-infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis D virus infection in Australia

Jackson

MacLachlan

Cowie

et al. 2018

Internal Medicine Journal

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis D virus infection in Australia

Jackson

MacLachlan

Cowie

et al. 2018

Internal Medicine Journal

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“…(2) The viral structure is composed by a single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) (3) , measuring between 35nm and 37nm, it produces two antigens of known clinical importance: the small Delta antigen (HDAg-S), which acts in the process of viral replication, and the large Delta antigen (HDAg-L) which, through the interaction with HBsAg, acts on the assembly of RNA. (4) HDV infection occurs by parenteral exposure and is considered a co-infection when it occurs on the primary or acute phase of HBV infection and as a superinfection when it occurs in chronic hepatitis B. (2) The interaction between the HDV and HBV is not fully understood yet, especially due to the fact that both viruses compete for HBsAg to assemble new viral structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Asia, the prevalence reaches 66.7% in Taiwan and 82% in Mongolia. (4) The distribution in South America is variable, but high indicators are found across the entire Amazon basin, especially in the Western Brazilian Amazon, where the seropositivity to HDV can reach up to 85% of patients with positive HBsAg in some communities. (4,8,11) Dating back to the mid-18th century, historical accounts record deaths of members of the French Royal Academy of Science by a disease described acute icteric fever, during an expedition through the Amazon River, in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(4) The distribution in South America is variable, but high indicators are found across the entire Amazon basin, especially in the Western Brazilian Amazon, where the seropositivity to HDV can reach up to 85% of patients with positive HBsAg in some communities. (4,8,11) Dating back to the mid-18th century, historical accounts record deaths of members of the French Royal Academy of Science by a disease described acute icteric fever, during an expedition through the Amazon River, in Brazil. (12) During the second half of the 20th century, studies describe a serious icteric condition, of rapid evolution and with death records of five days after the initial symptoms in the city of Lábrea, in the interior of the state of Amazonas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidências científicas sobre a hepatite Delta no Brasil: revisão integrativa da literatura

et al. 2017

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Objective: Describe the level of scientific evidence on infections by the hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) in Brazil. Methods: Integrative literature review, with research in the databases of the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information, Scientific Eletronic Library Online and Scopus, with analysis focusing on the leveling of the methodological rigor according to the model of Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt. Results: The search revealed an average of two publications a year between 1987 and 2017. We selected 33 articles, the majority (91%) presented level of evidence VI. The publications were concentrated in the area of tropical medicine (46%) and virology (15%). The authors of 85% of the studies were medical professionals and the most common design was the descriptive/cross-sectional (69.6%). Conclusion: Scientific literature on HDV infections in Brazil is focused on prevalence studies, showing incipiency regarding the production of studies with stricter guidelines, such as clinical trials. ResumoObjetivo: Descrever o nível de evidência científica sobre a infecção por vírus da hepatite Delta (VHD) no Brasil. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas realizadas nas bases de dados do Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Eletronic Library Online e Scopus, com análise centrada no nivelamento do rigor metodológico de acordo com o modelo de Melnyk e Fineout-Overholt. Resultados: A busca revelou uma média de duas publicações por ano no intervalo entre 1987 e 2017. Foram selecionados 33 artigos, tendo a maioria (91%) apresentado nível de evidência VI. As publicações ficaram concentradas em periódicos da área de medicina tropical (46%) e virologia (15%). Dos trabalhos, 85% tinha profissional médico com autor e o delineamento mais encontrado foi o descritivo/transversal (69,6%). Conclusão: A produção científica sobre a infecção por VHD no Brasil está centrada em estudos de prevalência, mostrando-se incipiente quanto à produção de estudos com delineamentos mais rígidos como ensaios clínicos.

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“…Infections with HBV and coinfections with hepatitis delta virus (HDV), which uses the HBV envelope for dissemination, increase the risk for liver cirrhosis and carcinoma (2). Both viruses exploit human sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (hNTCP), a hepatic bile salt transporter, as an essential entry receptor (3,4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Infection of a Mouse Hepatic Cell Line Reconstituted with Human Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide

Lempp

Wang

et al. 2016

J Virol

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c Hepatitis B virus (HBV) enters hepatocytes via its receptor, human sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (hNTCP). So far, HBV infection has been achieved only in human hepatic cells reconstituted with hNTCP and not in cells of mouse origin.Here, the first mouse liver cell line (AML12) which gains susceptibility to HBV upon hNTCP expression is described. Thus, HBV infection of receptor-expressing mouse hepatocytes does not principally require a human cofactor but can be triggered by endogenous murine determinants. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic, enveloped DNA virus replicating via an RNA intermediate (1). Infections with HBV and coinfections with hepatitis delta virus (HDV), which uses the HBV envelope for dissemination, increase the risk for liver cirrhosis and carcinoma (2). Both viruses exploit human sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (hNTCP), a hepatic bile salt transporter, as an essential entry receptor (3, 4). Hitherto, only hepatic human liver cells expressing hNTCP have been shown to become susceptible for HBV (3,5,6). In contrast, HDV infections can be established through hNTCP supplementation in nonhuman and even nonhepatic cells.Several hNTCP-expressing mouse liver cell lines are resistant to HBV infection (3, 6-8). Likewise, HBV transgenic mice cannot form covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the transcriptional viral template (9). Such previous results have led to interpretations that mouse cell lines might lack a factor needed for HBV replication-a hypothesis strongly supported by recent work by alternatively, might express a restriction factor that prevents cccDNA formation. However, Cui et al. recently described a mouse liver cell line inducibly expressing HBV from an integrate (AML12HBV10) capable of forming cccDNA (10). Here, we provide evidence that AML12 cells complemented with hNTCP gain susceptibility to HBV, including cccDNA formation and antigen (Ag) expression.Generation of hNTCP-expressing cell lines. Mouse AML12 cells were tested for their ability to support HBV infection after stable hNTCP transduction. For controls, we implemented the HepG2 cell line, which becomes susceptible to HBV upon hNTCP transduction, and the mouse liver cell line mH274#26, which remains refractory (3,4,8). Stable transduction was achieved using lentiviruses encoding hNTCP. Western blot analysis (Fig. 1A) confirmed expression of hNTCP exclusively in the transduced lines. The hNTCP-expressing cells bound Myrcludex B-atto (myristoyl-GTNLSVPNPLGFFPDHQLDPAFGANSNNPDWDF NPNKDHWPEANKVG-atto [MyrB-atto]), a fluorescently labeled entry inhibitor of HBV and HDV that specifically binds to NTCP (Fig. 1B) (11). This indicates correct folding and localization to the plasma membrane. Functionality of hNTCP was further confirmed by its ability to transport 3 H-labeled taurocholate (Fig. 1C) (3,(12)(13)(14). hNTCP expression confers susceptibility to HDV infection.Cell lines were infected with HDV, and replication was analyzed by immunofluorescent staining of hepatitis delta virus antigen...

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Hepatitis delta virus: From biological and medical aspects to current and investigational therapeutic options

Cited by 47 publications

References 230 publications

Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis D virus infection in Australia

Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis D virus infection in Australia

Evidências científicas sobre a hepatite Delta no Brasil: revisão integrativa da literatura

Hepatitis B Virus Infection of a Mouse Hepatic Cell Line Reconstituted with Human Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide

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