Hidrogeomorfologi Dan Potensi Mataair Lereng Baratdaya Gunung Merbabu

Abstract

Karakteristik bentanglahan pada suatu wilayah merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi distribusi spasial mataair. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada lereng baratdaya Gunung Merbabu dengan tujuan: (1) menganalisis persebaran mataair berdasarkan satuan bentuklahan, (2) menganalisis jenis mataair serta kualitas dan kuantitas air. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut digunakan metode survei dengan pengambilan sampel secara sistematik. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan memperhatikan aspek spasial didukung analisis SIG dengan nearest neighbour analysis dan pencocokan. Hasil penelitian: (1) terdapat pola persebaran mataair di Lereng Baratdaya Gunung Merbabu pada perbatasan lereng gunungapi dengan kaki gunungapi dan kaki gunungapi dengan dataran kaki gunungapi. Kedudukan mataair berada pada ketinggian 1000-1500 mdpal yang menunjukkan sistem sabuk mataair vulkanik. Pola persebaran mataair yang relatif tidak teratur menunjukkan mulai bekerjanya proses denudasi pada morfologi kerucut vulkan Merbabu. (2) berdasarkan pengamatan pada 30 sampel mataair, diketahui jenis mataair umumnya berupa mataair celah, debit bervariasi antara 0,057 liter/detik hingga 2 liter/detik. Kualitas air yang meliputi suhu air, pH, DHL, dan DO relatif seragam.

Hydrogeomorphology of spring at the junction of sumbing-sindoro twin stratovolcanoes, central java

“…The water discharge varies with a fairly large range in both Sumbing and Sindoro is the same as the findings from Aurita and Purwantara [3], Sudarmadji et al [28], and Ashari and Widodo [1]. This indicates that in the Sumbing and Sindoro aquifer systems, certain zonescan drain large amounts of groundwater, resulting in the emergence of springs whose discharge is also large.…”

“…Judging from the difference with air temperature, all non-existent springs are hot springs [23], however, most were included in the hypothermic zoning [29]. The findings, which show that most of the water temperature is lower than the air temperature, is the same as previous research conducted in stratovolcano landscapes, including the Merbabu Volcano [1], Merapi Volcano [2], [3], and Ciremai Volcano [29]. Regarding this phenomenon, \ [5]based on Santoso's research in Lawu Volcano, it also showed that depressive springs such as those found in Sumbing and Sindoro were mostly hypothermal in natur.…”

“…In their findings, 41 springs are scattered in groups following the flow of several main river valleys in this region. Ashari and Widodo [1]in their study of 30 springs on the southwest side of the volcanic foot of Merbabu Volcano, also found a pattern of clustered springs distribution. Different from Aurita and Purwantara's findings [3], this clustered distribution pattern not only follows the river flow but more clearly forms a spring belt pattern in the break of slope area.…”

“…There are three kinds of distribution patterns, namely clustered indicated by a negative z-score, dispersed indicated by a greater and positive z-score, and random indicated by a zscore value of 0 or close to 0. This method has been used by several researchers in the past to determine the pattern of the distribution of springs in the Stratovulcan landforms, among others [1]- [3]. In GIS analysis, the first step was to determine the pattern of the distribution of springs throughout the study area.…”

“…In particular, the potential for springs is greater in active Stratovolcanoes. Research conducted on various volcanoes in Central Java shows that there are springs with good water quantity and quality [1]- [5]. Potential springs have been widely used to meet the needs of people who live in the area at the foot of the volcano.…”