Hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon derived from the activation of agriculture waste by potassium hydroxide and urea for high-performance supercapacitors

Zou, Kaixiang; Deng, Yuanfu; Chen, Juping; Qian, Yunqian; Yang, Yuewang; Li, Yingwei; Chen, Guohua

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.12.081

Cited by 271 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…MB−Ca‐N‐800 shows the longest charging/discharging time and holds the highest specific capacitance of 300.5 F g −1 , which is higher than MB−Ca‐N‐700 (260.0 F g −1 ), MB−Ca‐800 (189.6 F g −1 ), and any other samples. The specific capacitance of MB−Ca‐N‐800 exceed most of the porous carbons and equals to top‐class N‐doped porous carbons, such as N‐doped porous CNFs (202 F g −1 ), N‐doped carbon spheres (228 F g −1 ), S/N co‐doped carbon nanosheets (275 F g −1 ), bagasse N‐doped carbon (302 F g −1 ), Coconut shell carbon (268 F g −1 ) and so on, as shown in Table S5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Chloride Activation of Mung Bean: A Low‐Cost, Green Route to N‐Doped Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors

Zhong

Xie

et al. 2019

ChemistrySelect

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N‐doped porous carbons were prepared from mung bean flour by chemical activation with calcium chloride and urea. Adjusting the precursor and preparation temperature had significant effect on the graphitization, specific surface area, porosity and surface chemical composition of the porous carbons. The material prepared from the mixture of mung bean flour, urea, and calcium chloride at 800 °C was the optimal sample. It exhibited an excellent specific capacitance (247.2 F g−1 at 2 mV s−1 and 300.5 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, respectively), outstanding rate performance (178.6 F g−1 at 200 and 225 F g−1 at 100 A g−1, respectively) and good durability (93.2 and 97.5% capacitance retention after 10000 cyclic voltammograms and 2000 galvanostatic charge/discharge, respectively) in 6 M KOH. The structure‐performance relationships reveal that the excellent specific capacitance of this sample arises from its plentiful porosities, abundant doped‐N and high carbonation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Chloride Activation of Mung Bean: A Low‐Cost, Green Route to N‐Doped Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors

Zhong

Xie

et al. 2019

ChemistrySelect

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“…Besides, researchers could exert the unique chemical or structural characteristics of carbon sources to synthesize various porous carbons with different pore structures 43–45. Traditionally, potassium hydroxide (KOH),51,52 sodium hydroxide (NaOH),53,54 zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ),55 phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ),49,56 sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ),57 and potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 )57,58 have been used as activation agents. For a high‐level summary of the effect of traditional chemical activation agents on porous carbon, the relationships between the SSA and activation temperature of the activated carbon are shown in Figure 3b for a few chemical activation agents 59.…”

Section: Carbonization–activation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis Strategies of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitor Applications

et al. 2020

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Supercapacitors (SCs) have experienced a significant increase in research activity and commercialization during the past few decades. As the primary and most important electrode active material for commercial SCs, porous carbon is produced at an industrial‐scale through traditional carbonization‐activation strategies. Nevertheless, commercial porous carbon materials have some disadvantages such as high production cost, corrosion of equipment, and emission of toxic gases and byproduct pollutants during production. In recent years, huge efforts have been made to develop novel synthesis strategies for porous carbon materials. This review focuses on the pore formation mechanisms in traditional carbonization‐activation methods, emerging activation methods, template methods, self‐template methods, and novel emerging methods for the synthesis of porous carbons for SCs. Strategies developed so far for the synthesis of porous carbon materials are summarized. The mechanisms and recent advances for each strategy are reviewed. Furthermore, future directions and synthesis strategies for porous carbons are proposed.

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“…Specifically, these sustainable synthetic techniques have been successfully developed to prepare these HEC materials by pyrolysis of a variety of biomass wastes as reactive precursors. [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81] However, the roles of heteroatoms in mediating the pseudocapacitance during the charge/discharge process are ambiguous in aqueous electrolytes, and the charging mechanism remains elusive. In principle, the diverse electronegativity of heteroatoms, in contrast to carbon atoms, produces inhomogeneous atomic charge distributions and polar bonds on the carbon surfaces, which will facilitate the surface wettability to aqueous electrolytes and access the penetration of electrolyte ions into active sites and pores.…”

Section: Progress and Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial-Level Energy Storage via Free-Standing Stacking Electrodes

Liu

Wang

et al. 2019

Matter

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N-and O-mediated anion-selective charging pseudocapacitance originates from inbuilt surface-positive electrostatic potential. The carbon atoms in heptazine adjacent to pyridinic N act as the electron transfer active sites for faradic pseudocapacitance. A free-standing films (FSFs) stacking technique produces current collector-free electrodes with low interfacial resistance for electron and ion transport. The OCN FSFs stacking electrodes enable fast-charging pseudocapacitors delivering high power and high energy with broader potential for real-world impact.

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Hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon derived from the activation of agriculture waste by potassium hydroxide and urea for high-performance supercapacitors

Cited by 271 publications

References 66 publications

Calcium Chloride Activation of Mung Bean: A Low‐Cost, Green Route to N‐Doped Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors

Calcium Chloride Activation of Mung Bean: A Low‐Cost, Green Route to N‐Doped Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors

Synthesis Strategies of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitor Applications

Commercial-Level Energy Storage via Free-Standing Stacking Electrodes

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