High frequency direct shoot organogenesis of leaf explants and a comparative evaluation of phytochemicals, antioxidant potential of wild vs. in vitro plant extracts of Lysimachia laxa

Abstract

The present studies were attempted to develop direct shoot organogenesis from in vitro grown leaf explants of and comparative evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant potential of in vitro raised and wild plants extracts. The fresh leaves of this species are used for deworming gastrointestinal worm infection in traditional medicine. Overexploitation of this species and poor regeneration has led to rapid decline in wild population, therefore, present investigation was attempted to develop an efficient rapid mass propagation protocol for this species. Our result showed significantly ( < 0.05) high adventitious shoot proliferation of 17.21 ± 0.24 number per leaf explants cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium fortified with 1.25 mg L thiadizuron and 1.0 mg L α-naphthalene acetic acid. Further enhancement was achieved through elongation medium fortified with 1.0 mg L 6-benzylaminopurine by average shoot number of 31.1 ± 0.80 and length of 5.96 ± 0.13 cm. Murashige and Skoog medium fortified with 0.50 mg L Indole-3-acetic acid showed high rooting induction (100%) with average root number of 11.70 and length 7.35 cm. All rooted plants were successfully acclimatized in greenhouse and transferred to field condition with a survival rate of 97%. The contents of phenolic and flavonoid were higher in in vitro raised plant in compared to wild plant extracts. Antioxidants assay showed high radical scavenging activity of IC 1.61 ± 0.07 mg dry material and reducing power of 49.79 ± 0.11 mg/g ascorbic acid equivalent by aqueous methanol extracts of in vitro raised 3-months-old plants in compare to the wild plants. The present protocol is a viable option for pharmaceutical or nutraceutical industries for sustainable utilization of with enhanced of phytochemical and antioxidant potency which is not reported elsewhere.

Callus-Mediated High-Frequency Plant Regeneration, Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Activity and Genetic Stability in Ruta chalepensis L.

“…This may be explained by the fact that in vitro culture systems and PGRs enhance or accumulate several of the bioactive compounds. In vitro culture has been shown to increase the amounts of phytochemical compounds in many medicinal plants [15][16][17][42][43][44], which is consistent with our findings. In the Aloe arborescens, media supplemented with PGRs increased the quantity of total phenolics, tannins, and flavonoids compared to media without PGRs during micropropagation [45].…”

“…These chemicals also have a high ability to get rid of ROS, such as hypochlorous acid, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite, and superoxide an-ion, which can affect plant's metabolism by damaging proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids through oxidation [53]. Similarly, the micropropagated plants of R. graveolens [54], Ceropegia santapaui [55], Cucumis anguria [44], Dendrobium thyrsiflorum [56], Nardostachys jatamansi [14], and Lysimachia laxa [15] had higher antioxidant activity than the donor plant. The GC-MS method was used to identify secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, sterols, polyphenols, terpenoids, and other chemicals, in plant extracts.…”

“…It was shown that Nardostachys jatamansi has total alkaloid, phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content, as well as antioxidant activity, in the leaves and rootstocks of the donor plant, micropropagated plantlets, and callus [14]. Gupta, et al [15] used three different solvents (methanol, 1:1 aqueous methanol, and acetone) to determine the content of phenols and flavonoids in micropropagated and wild plants of Lysimachia laxa. The findings revealed that the aqueous methanol extract of micropropagated plants had the higher concentrations of phenolics and flavonoids (20.47 GAE mg/g and 4.92 RE mg/g, respectively) when compared to wild plant extracts (11.54 GAE mg/g and 4.53 RE mg/g, respectively).…”

Influencia de la edad en el contenido de fenoles y ligninas en Gmelina arborea (Lamiaceae)

“…Aunque existen investigaciones que concluyen que las plantas in vitro presentan menores rendimientos en la producción de metabolitos secundarios en comparación con las plantas de campo (Dias et al, 2016;Dubravina et al, 2005), muchos estudios han demostrado que las condiciones específicas de la micropropagación estimulan la producción de compuestos fenólicos al modificar el metabolismo primario. Particularmente, los nutrientes y las hormonas influyen en la expresión de genes implicados en la biosíntesis de metabolitos secundarios (Debnath & Goyali, 2020;Gupta et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018). Incluso, hay evidencia de una mejora en los metabolitos secundarios de materiales micropropagados de plantas, tejidos o células en comparación con las plantas cultivadas en el campo (Gupta et al, 2017).…”

“…Particularmente, los nutrientes y las hormonas influyen en la expresión de genes implicados en la biosíntesis de metabolitos secundarios (Debnath & Goyali, 2020;Gupta et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018). Incluso, hay evidencia de una mejora en los metabolitos secundarios de materiales micropropagados de plantas, tejidos o células en comparación con las plantas cultivadas en el campo (Gupta et al, 2017).…”