High-performance Liquid Chromatographic Assay for Nanogram Determination of Chlorpromazine and its Comparison with a Radioimmunoassay

Midha, K. K.; Cooper, J.K.; McGilveray, I.J.; Butterfield, A.G.; Hubbard, John W.

doi:10.1002/jps.2600700920

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Analytical methods previously reported for promethazine (Vanapalli et al, 2001;Dimitrova et al, 1988;Melethil et al, 1983;Patel and Welling, 1982;Wallace et al, 1981), promazine (Karpinska, 2001;Diehl and Karst, 2000;Larsimont et al, 1998;Tebbett, 1986;Beaulieu et al, 1986;Facchini et al, 1983), and chlorpromazine (Casamenti et al, 2000;Boehme and Strobel, 1998;Li et al, 1991;Smith et al, 1987;Tamai et al, 1987;Midha et al, 1981Midha et al, , 1987Cooper et al, 1983;Imai et al, 1983;Grassi et al, 1981;Stevenson et al, 1981;Fekete et al, 1981) include a number of HPLC assays. A recent literature survey indicated that there is still a need for pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic studies of phenothiazines.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Direct injection HPLC method for the determination of selected phenothiazines in plasma using a Hisep column

Pistos¹,

Stewart²

2003

Biomedical Chromatography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A direct plasma injection HPLC method has been developed for the determination of selected phenothiazines (promethazine, promazine, chlorpromazine) using a Hisep column. The method is easy to perform and requires 20 microL of a filtered plasma sample. The chromatographic run time is less than 11 min using a mobile phase of 15:85 v/v acetonitrile-0.18 m ammonium acetate pH 5.0 and UV detection at 254 nm. The method is linear in the concentration range 0.1-25 microg mL(-1) (r > 0.99, n = 6) for each analyte with RSD less than 6%. Interday and intraday variability were found to be < or =14%. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.1 (S/N > 3) and 0.25 microg mL(-1) (S/N > 10), respectively, for each of the three phenothiazines. We can also apply this method to separate three other phenothiazines (ethopromazine, trifluoroperazine, prochlorperazine), although it lacks the selectivity to determine the concentration of all six drugs concurrently. The separation is feasible using these drugs in certain combinations.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Direct injection HPLC method for the determination of selected phenothiazines in plasma using a Hisep column

Pistos¹,

Stewart²

2003

Biomedical Chromatography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Generally speaking, almost all of the antipsychotics on the market have UV absorption. HPLC-UV methods are very popular for the determination of antipsychotics in biological samples (Titier et al, 2002(Titier et al, , 2003Llerena et al, 2003;Dusci et al, 2002;Aboul-Enein et al, 2006;Pistos and Stewart, 2003;Midha et al, 1981;Mosier et al, 2003;Garay Garcia et al, 2003;Chung et al, 1993;Olesen and Poulsen, 1993;Gupta, 1995;Saracino et al, 2006b;Hasselstrom and Linnet, 2003;Shimokawa et al, 2005;Sachse et al, 2006;Shen et al, 2002;Frahnert et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 2007c;Mercolini et al, 2007). In addition, Lara et al (2005) and Ho et al (2004) described CZE-UV methods for the quantitation of antipsychotics in biological samples.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Detectionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The LLOQ was 0.1 ng/mL and recovery was approximately 84.0%. Some LLE methods for OLZ, HAL, CLOZ and CPZ have been reported (Gervasini et al, 2003;Nirogi et al, 2006;Hattori et al, 1986;Yasui-Furukori et al, 2004;McKay et al, 1982;Li et al, 2006;Midha et al, 1981;Zhang et al, 2007;Garay Garcia et al, 2003;Ho et al, 2004;Chung et al, 1993). Berna et al (2002) described an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of OLZ from whole blood.…”

Section: Liquid-liquid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bioanalytical methods for the determination of antipsychotic drugs

Zhang

Terry

Bartlett

2008

Biomedical Chromatography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antipsychotic drugs are popular for the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychoses. In general, antipsychotics are administered in oral doses of only a few milligrams per day and they are widely metabolized in the body. Therefore, the concentration of these drugs in plasma is very low (pg-ng/mL levels). In addition, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antipsychotic drugs has proven to be of notable value for determining poor compliance of patients and addressing the challenges associated with considerable genetic variability in their metabolism. Thus, in order to conduct pharmacology and toxicology studies and clinical TDM of antipsychotics, as well as address the challenges associated with polypharmacy and drug metabolism, highly sensitive, selective and accurate bioanalytical methods are essential. The most recent studies on the determination of antipsychotics will be reviewed, including separation techniques, sample pretreatment, detectors and validation.

show abstract

“…Microsomal extracts were prepared by differential centrifugation. Incubations were carried out with 1.5 mg of microsomes in a total volume of 1.5 ml, containing 14 or 140 nmol CPZ, 1 mM NADPH, 8 mM DL-isocitrate, 50 1 (0.2 unit) of isocitrate dehydrogenase, 10 mM magnesium sulfate and 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Incubation was carried out for 30 min and was terminated with addition of 0.4 ml of 5 N NaOH.…”

Section: In Vitro Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of chlorpromazine and its major metabolites by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: Application to biological fluids

Gruenke

Craig

Klein

et al. 1985

Biol. Mass Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A method for the quantitative determination of chlorpromazine and five of its major metabolites in a single sample of biological fluid in the ng/ml range has been developed utilizing gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected ion recording. The assay is highly specific and quantification is accomplished by an inverse stable isotope dilution technique, using deuterium-labeled variants of the compounds as internal standards. In this way the concentrations of chlorpromazine and five of its major metabolites (the sulfoxide, the N-oxide, the monodemethylated, the didemethylated, and the 7-hydroxylated compounds) can be determined in biological fluids. Levels in humans have been measured both in plasma and in red blood cells and are compared to those found in related in vitro studies.

show abstract

High-performance Liquid Chromatographic Assay for Nanogram Determination of Chlorpromazine and its Comparison with a Radioimmunoassay

Cited by 39 publications

References 10 publications

Direct injection HPLC method for the determination of selected phenothiazines in plasma using a Hisep column

Direct injection HPLC method for the determination of selected phenothiazines in plasma using a Hisep column

Bioanalytical methods for the determination of antipsychotic drugs

Determination of chlorpromazine and its major metabolites by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: Application to biological fluids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About