High-performance solid-state supercapacitor based on sustainable synthesis of meso-macro porous carbon derived from hemp fibres via CO2 activation

Biomass-derived porous carbon materials: synthesis, designing, and applications for supercapacitors

“…Gunasekaran et al successfully prepared meso–macro-porous carbon from hemp fibre via low-temperature carbonization followed by CO 2 physical activation. 141 The products revealed a macro-porous nature, and as the activation duration increased, the intensity and macro-pore and meso-pore size (diameter) also increased. The largest specific surface area reached 1060 m 2 g −1 and an excellent half-cell specific capacitance of ∼600 F g −1 was exhibited.…”

“…Gunasekaran et al successfully prepared meso-macro-porous carbon from hemp fibre via low-temperature carbonization followed by CO 2 physical activation. 141 The products revealed a macro-porous nature, and as the activation Fig. 8 (a) Schematic illustration of a typical self-assembly between the carbon precursor and triblock copolymer.…”

Progress in the use of organic potassium salts for the synthesis of porous carbon nanomaterials: microstructure engineering for advanced supercapacitors

“…11,33–35 Steam, CO 2 , and air (in fact O 2 plays the role) are often used as activation agents in physical activation. 15,36–45 Pores are generated by the oxidation–reduction reactions between the activation agents and carbon matrix during the physical activation process (eqn (1)–(3)). 46 C + H 2 O → CO + H 2 C + CO 2 → COC + O 2 → CO 2 …”

Preparation of N/O-codoped quinoline pitch-based porous carbons for high-quality supercapacitor electrodes

“…3,5,[7][8][9][10] Porous carbons are deemed as a promising electrode material owing to their ultrahigh surface area, well-developed nanopore structure as well as the inherent advantages of carbon materials themselves, such as outstanding thermal and chemical inertness, good electrical conductivity and being rich in sources. 11,12 To date, the reported methods of preparing porous carbons mainly include traditional physical and chemical activation methods, 13,14 hard and soft templating approaches 15,16 and their combination methods, 17 besides some special methods, like molten salt carbonization, 18 sol-gel synthesis, 19 hydrothermal preparation, 20 self-assembly, 21 and explosion-assisted strategies. 22 Importantly, it has gradually been recognized that the various sizes of pores in porous carbon have different functions.…”