High Plains Aquifer–State of Affairs of Irrigated Agriculture and Role of Irrigation in the Sustainability Paradigm

Ammar, Ali; Datta, Sumon; Stoodley, Scott

doi:10.3390/su12093714

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Like pumping, annual deep percolation values were uniformly disaggregated to daily values over the 103-day pumping period. This assumption is justified because essentially all deep percolation in the area is the result of excess applied irrigation water (Ajaz et al, 2020).…”

Section: Model Construction and Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the impact of lagged hydrological responses on the effectiveness of groundwater conservation

Glose¹,

Zipper²,

Hyndman³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Many irrigated agricultural areas seek strategies to prolong the lifespan of their groundwater resources. However, it is unclear how lagged responses, such as reduced groundwater recharge caused by more efficient irrigation, may impact the ultimate effectiveness of these initiatives. Here, we use a variably saturated groundwater model to: 1) analyze aquifer responses to pumping reductions, 2) quantify time lags between reductions and water level responses, and 3) identify the physical controls on lagged responses. We explore a range of plausible model parameters for an area of the High Plains Aquifer (USA) where stakeholderdriven conservation has slowed groundwater depletion. We identify two types of lagged responses that reduce the long-term effectiveness of groundwater conservation. When vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kz) is > 3.5 x 10 -3 m d -1 , more efficient irrigation reduces groundwater recharge on sub-decadal timescales (recharge-dominated response). By contrast, when Kz is < 3.5 x 10 -3 m d -1 , changes in recharge are negligible, but pumping reductions alter the lateral flow between the groundwater conservation area and the surrounding regions over decadal timescales (lateral-flow-dominated response). For the modeled area, we found that a pumping reduction of 30% resulted in median usable lifetime extensions of 20 or 25 years, depending on the dominant lagged response mechanism (recharge-vs. lateral-flow-dominated). These estimates are far shorter than estimates made without accounting for the lagged responses. Our results indicate that conservation-based pumping reductions can extend aquifer lifespans, but lagged responses can create a sizable difference between the initial and long-term effectiveness of those conservation measures.

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Section: Model Construction and Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the impact of lagged hydrological responses on the effectiveness of groundwater conservation

Glose¹,

Zipper²,

Hyndman³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…In a study Lamm and Trooien 50 were also reported 35–55% saving of irrigation water under SSDI over FI. The reduction in irrigation requirement in SSDI plots was mainly because of reduced soil evaporation, decreased deep percolation and elimination of runoff losses 51 . Overall, in the present study, SSDI coupled with CA-practices at sufficient N application resulted in the highest moisture content, lowest variability the most effective root-zone layer (15–30 cm soil depth).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water budgeting in conservation agriculture-based sub-surface drip irrigation in tropical maize using HYDRUS-2D in South Asia

Patra

Parihar

Nayak

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In water scarce regions of South Asia, diversification of rice with maize is being advocated towards sustainability of cereal-based cropping systems. Adoption of innovative agronomic management practices, i.e., conservation agriculture (CA) and sub-surface drip irrigation (SSDI) are considered as key strategies for much needed interventions to address the challenges of water scarcity under projected climate change. Benefits from CA and SSDI concerning water economy are well-established, however, information about their complementarity and water budgeting in cereal-based systems are lacking. A field study was conducted with process-based model (HYDRUS-2D) to understand water transport, root water uptake and components of soil water balance in maize grown in rotation with wheat after five years of continuous adoption of conservation agriculture. In this study, altogether eight treatments comprising of 6 CA+ treatments (CA coupled with SSDI); permanent beds using sub-surface drip (PB-SSD) with (WR) and without (WOR) crop residue at different N rates, 0, 120 and 150 kg N ha−1 were compared with CA (PB using furrow irrigation-FI with crop residue-120 kg N ha−1) and conventional tillage practices (CT) (CT using FI without crop residue-120 kg N ha−1). Results showed that the model could simulate the daily changes in profile soil water content with reasonable accuracy in all the treatments. Simulated soil water balance indicated higher cumulative root water uptake (CRWU), lower cumulative evaporation (CE) and higher soil water retention in CA+ (PB-SSD+ crop residue at 150 and 120 kg N ha−1) than CA and CT plots. Hydrus-2D model efficiency > 0, RMSE between 0.009–0.026 and R2 value between 0.80–0.92 at P < 0.01 indicates that the model is performing efficiently. The mean evaporation from CA+ treatments was 10 and 36% less than CA and CT treatments, respectively. On average, CRWU under CA+ treatments were 14–48% higher than FI treatments. The mean cumulative deep drainage in CA+ plots was 80–100 mm less than CA and CT plots. In CA+ based plots significantly higher biomass production and radiation use efficiency were observed with reduced water use than CA and CT. Therefore, the study justifies the water-saving nature of CA+, while maintaining higher productivity and meeting the transpiration demand of crops and halting unnecessary evaporation and deep drainage losses.

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“…In parallel with this, various techniques are being used to solve food security and water supply issues for multiple uses and ensure an environmental balance [7][8][9]. Some studies in the literature suggested creating water demand management measures [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smart irrigation could be one feasible solution in the context of efficient water management. Assessing the overall water availability, preparing coping mechanisms for drought times, improving irrigation scheduling tools, and combining the technology and management techniques should be considered when upgrading the irrigation systems [11]. Smart irrigation management helps to detect when to irrigate, the amount of water required, and the irrigation frequency, based on the monitoring of crop evapotranspiration and soil moisture situations [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of Photovoltaic Powered Battery-Operated Computer Vision-Based Multi-Purpose Smart Farming Robot

et al. 2021

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Farm machinery like water sprinklers (WS) and pesticide sprayers (PS) are becoming quite popular in the agricultural sector. The WS and PS are two distinct types of machinery, mostly powered using conventional energy sources. In recent times, the battery and solar-powered WS and PS have also emerged. With the current WS and PS, the main drawback is the lack of intelligence on water and pesticide use decisions and autonomous control. This paper proposes a novel multi-purpose smart farming robot (MpSFR) that handles both water sprinkling and pesticide spraying. The MpSFR is a photovoltaic (PV) powered battery-operated internet of things (IoT) and computer vision (CV) based robot that helps in automating the watering and spraying process. Firstly, the PV-powered battery-operated autonomous MpSFR equipped with a storage tank for water and pesticide drove with a programmed pumping device is engineered. The sprinkling and spraying mechanisms are made fully automatic with a programmed pattern that utilizes IoT sensors and CV to continuously monitor the soil moisture and the plant’s health based on pests. Two servo motors accomplish the horizontal and vertical orientation of the spraying nozzle. We provided an option to remotely switch the sprayer to spray either water or pesticide using an infrared device, i.e., within a 5-m range. Secondly, the operation of the developed MpSFR is experimentally verified in the test farm. The field test’s observed results include the solar power profile, battery charging, and discharging conditions. The results show that the MpSFR operates effectively, and decisions on water use and pesticide are automated.

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High Plains Aquifer–State of Affairs of Irrigated Agriculture and Role of Irrigation in the Sustainability Paradigm

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Quantifying the impact of lagged hydrological responses on the effectiveness of groundwater conservation

Quantifying the impact of lagged hydrological responses on the effectiveness of groundwater conservation

Water budgeting in conservation agriculture-based sub-surface drip irrigation in tropical maize using HYDRUS-2D in South Asia

Design and Analysis of Photovoltaic Powered Battery-Operated Computer Vision-Based Multi-Purpose Smart Farming Robot

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