High Plasma Level of Remnant-Like Particle Cholesterol in the Metabolic Syndrome

Satoh, Akira; Adachi, Hisashi; Tsuruta, Makoto; Hirai, Yuji; Hiratsuka, Akiko; Enomoto, Masaru; Furuki, Kumiko; Hino, Asuka; Takeuchi, Tomohiro; Imaizumi, Tsutomu

doi:10.2337/diacare.28.10.2514

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Levels of remnant cholesterol were also higher in the NK cell 'non-increase' group. Remnant cholesterol is an indicator of atherogenic lipoproteins, and has been associated with the metabolic syndrome [23,24]. Moreover, we found that IL-6 levels remained at a significantly higher level during follow-up in the NK cell 'non-increase group' , while IL-6 levels were normalized in those with reconstituted NK cell levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Natural killer (NK) cell deficit in coronary artery disease: no aberrations in phenotype but sustained reduction of NK cells is associated with low-grade inflammation

Backteman

Ernerudh

Jonasson

2013

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryAlthough reduced natural killer (NK) cell levels have been reported consistently in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), the clinical significance and persistence of this immune perturbation is not clarified. In this study we characterized the NK cell deficit further by determining (i) differentiation surface markers and cytokine profile of NK cell subsets and (ii) ability to reconstitute NK cell levels over time. Flow cytometry was used to analyse NK cell subsets and the intracellular cytokine profile in 31 patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI), 34 patients with stable angina (SA) and 37 healthy controls. In blood collected prior to coronary angiography, the proportions of NK cells were reduced significantly in non-STEMI and SA patients compared with controls, whereas NK cell subset analyses or cytokine profile measurements did not reveal any differences across groups. During a 12-month follow-up, the proportions of NK cells increased, although not in all patients. Failure to reconstitute NK cell levels was associated with several components of metabolic syndrome. Moreover, interleukin (IL)-6 levels remained high in patients with sustained NK cell deficit, whereas a decline in IL-6 (P < 0·001) was seen in patients with a pronounced increase in NK cells. In conclusion, we found no evidence that reduction of NK cells in CAD patients was associated with aberrations in NK cell phenotype at any clinical stage of the disease. Conversely, failure to reconstitute NK cell levels was associated with a persistent low-grade inflammation, suggesting a protective role of NK cells in CAD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Natural killer (NK) cell deficit in coronary artery disease: no aberrations in phenotype but sustained reduction of NK cells is associated with low-grade inflammation

Backteman

Ernerudh

Jonasson

2013

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Recently, Satoh et al (27) demonstrated that RLP cholesterol levels were elevated in metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Plasma Concentration of Remnant Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Obese Children and Adolescents

Choi

Kim

et al. 2006

Diabetes Care

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OBJECTIVE -Remnant lipoproteins (RLPs) are the products of the lipolytic degradation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins produced by the liver and intestine. Recent studies have demonstrated that RLPs are correlated with cardiovascular risk. We assessed the relationship between obesity and RLP and evaluated the factors related to RLP in children and adolescents.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We measured BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, body fat mass, total abdominal fat, visceral and subcutaneous fat areas, fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and RLP cholesterol in 135 children and adolescents (67 boys and 68 girls). Plasma RLP fractions were isolated using an immunoaffinity gel containing specific anti-apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 and anti-apoA-I antibodies. Based on the BMI percentile, the subjects were divided into two groups: normal (Ͻ85th percentile) and overweight (Ն85th percentile).RESULTS -RLP cholesterol was significantly correlated with age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, visceral and subcutaneous fat areas, visceral-tosubcutaneous fat area ratio, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, apoB, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). According to the multivariate regression analysis, triglycerides (␤ ϭ 0.928, P Ͻ 0.001) were independently correlated with RLP cholesterol. After excluding lipid profiles as an independent variable, the multivariate regression analysis revealed that HOMA-IR (␤ ϭ 0.231, P ϭ 0.007) and systolic blood pressure (␤ ϭ 0.169, P ϭ 0.046) were independently associated with RLP cholesterol.CONCLUSIONS -RLP cholesterol was significantly higher in obese children and adolescents. Triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and insulin resistance were related to RLP cholesterol. Diabetes Care 29:2305-2310, 2006R emnant lipoproteins (RLPs) are the products of the lipolytic degradation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins produced by the liver (VLDL) and intestine (chylomicrons) (1,2). Since the establishment of a method for measuring RLP cholesterol (3), many studies on the association of RLP cholesterol with atherosclerosis have been conducted. In the Framingham Heart Study (4), elevated RLP cholesterol was reported to be an important risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) in women. Kugiyama et al. (5) reported in a 3-year follow-up study that the incidence of CAD was higher in the group with higher RLP cholesterol (RLP cholesterol Ն5.1 mg/dl).The prevalence of childhood obesity is alarmingly rising worldwide (6) and in Korea (7). Childhood obesity is associated with major health problems, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, and it is an important early risk factor for adulthood obesity, morbidity, and mortality (8). In addition, it has been reported (9,10) that atherosclerosis is initiated from childhood; hence, the early detection and treatment of dyslipidemia could noticeably decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Many studies ...

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“…Table 4). Because the PDMP level is associated with MS 23) and the OR for the presence of MS in subjects with a predicted risk 8% compared to subjects with a predicted risk 8% unadjusted and adjusted for age was 4.2 (2.0 8.7) and 7.6 (2.6 21.6), respectively, we used MS, as a confounding factor, in the model. The OR adjusted for age, platelet count, hsCRP, and presence of MS was 4.3 (1.6 11.8) ( Table 4).…”

Section: Association Of the Elevated Pdmp Level With The 8% 10-yr Chdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are defined as vesicles measuring less than 1.5 m in diameter that are enriched in procoagulant platelet proteins 5) and express several platelet receptors, such as CD42b (glycoprotein Ib) and teins (Rem-L) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were also reported to be associated with MS and to promote atherosclerosis 23,24) . We also reported that PDMPs were associated with positive metabolic syndrome (MS) criteria in healthy volunteers without signs, symptoms, or a history of cardio-or cerebrovascular disease and any medication 25) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Level of Platelet-Derived Microparticles Is Associated with Coronary Heart Disease Risk Score in Healthy Men

Ueba

Nomura

Inami

et al. 2010

JAT

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Aim:The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs) and the Framingham 10-yr coronary heart disease (CHD) risk score. Methods: A cross-sectional study of healthy volunteers free of medication, and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease was conducted. The subjects were 190 Japanese men (median age 41). An ELISA kit and monoclonal antibodies against CD42b and CD42a (glycoprotein Ib and IX) were used. Results: PDMPs are correlated with platelet count, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and diastolic blood pressure by multivariate analysis (R 2 0.316, p 0.001). Quartile range of PDMPs is significantly associated with the 10-yr CHD risk score after adjusting for age, platelet count, hsCRP, and hypertension (p 0.033) and for age, platelet count, hsCRP, and presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) (p 0.020). In individuals with a predicted 10-yr risk for CHD 8% (corresponding with the highest quartile), compared to those with a predicted 10-yr risk 8%, the odds ratio (OR), adjusted for age, platelet count, hsCRP, and hypertension, was 3.3 (1.2 8.9) and adjusted for age, platelet count, hsCRP, and MS, was 4.5 (1.6 11.8). The age-, platelet count-, hsCRP-and hypertensionadjusted OR for a 10-yr CHD risk score 8% was 0.8 (0.5 1.3) for hsCRP and 3.9 (1.6 9.4) for hypertension. The age-, platelet count-, hsCRP-and MS -adjusted OR for a 10-yr CHD risk score 8% was 0.7 (0.4 1.2) for hsCRP and 7.9 (2.6 24.5) for MS. Conclusion: Elevated PDMPs are associated with the 10-yr CHD risk score in healthy men. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2010; 17:342-349.

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High Plasma Level of Remnant-Like Particle Cholesterol in the Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Natural killer (NK) cell deficit in coronary artery disease: no aberrations in phenotype but sustained reduction of NK cells is associated with low-grade inflammation

Natural killer (NK) cell deficit in coronary artery disease: no aberrations in phenotype but sustained reduction of NK cells is associated with low-grade inflammation

High Plasma Concentration of Remnant Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Obese Children and Adolescents

Plasma Level of Platelet-Derived Microparticles Is Associated with Coronary Heart Disease Risk Score in Healthy Men

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