High‐precision dating of volcanic events (A.D. 1301–1995) using ice cores from Law Dome, Antarctica

Palmer, Anne S.; Ommen, T. D. van; Curran, Mark A. J.; Morgan, Vin; Souney, Joseph M.; Mayewski, Paul Andrew

doi:10.1029/2001jd000330

Cited by 89 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Over the East Antarctic Plateau areas, part of the sulfate background that could be related to continuous emissions from non-explosive volcanic activity seems to be minor (Patris et al, 2000;Cole-Dai et al, 2000;Castellano et al, 2004). The sea-salt sulfate contribution to total sulfate budget, evaluated using Na + as a specific marker (Palmer et al, 2001;Röthlisberger, 2002), is less than 10 %. The Holocene crustal contribution, calculated by non-seasalt Ca 2+ as a continental dust marker (Röthlisberger, 2002;Castellano et al, 2004;Plummer et al, 2012), is even lower (< 0.05 %).…”

Section: Identification Of Volcanic Eruption Signals and Volcanic Chrmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The temporal duration of volcanic signals in the ice has been evaluated by several studies (Cole-Dai et al, 2000;Palmer et al, 2001;Castellano et al, 2004), and general temporal durations range from 1 to 3 years. In this work, the temporal duration of volcanic signals lagged between 1.2 (3 consecutive samples) and 6 years (15 consecutive samples).…”

Section: Identification Of Volcanic Eruption Signals and Volcanic Chrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal distributions of surface mass balance between Concordia and Vostok stations, Antarctica, from combined radar and ice core data: first results and detailed error analysis

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Results from ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements and shallow ice cores carried out during a scientific traverse between Dome Concordia (DC) and Vostok stations are presented in order to infer both spatial and temporal characteristics of snow accumulation over the East Antarctic Plateau. Spatially continuous accumulation rates along the traverse are computed from the identification of three equally spaced radar reflections spanning about the last 600 years. Accurate dating of these internal reflection horizons (IRHs) is obtained from a depth–age relationship derived from volcanic horizons and bomb testing fallouts on a DC ice core and shows a very good consistency when tested against extra ice cores drilled along the radar profile. Accumulation rates are then inferred by accounting for density profiles down to each IRH. For the latter purpose, a careful error analysis showed that using a single and more accurate density profile along a DC core provided more reliable results than trying to include the potential spatial variability in density from extra (but less accurate) ice cores distributed along the profile. The most striking feature is an accumulation pattern that remains constant through time with persistent gradients such as a marked decrease from 26 mm w.e. yr−1 at DC to 20 mm w.e. yr−1 at the south-west end of the profile over the last 234 years on average (with a similar decrease from 25 to 19 mm w.e. yr−1 over the last 592 years). As for the time dependency, despite an overall consistency with similar measurements carried out along the main East Antarctic divides, interpreting possible trends remains difficult. Indeed, error bars in our measurements are still too large to unambiguously infer an apparent time increase in accumulation rate. For the proposed absolute values, maximum margins of error are in the range 4 mm w.e. yr−1 (last 234 years) to 2 mm w.e. yr−1 (last 592 years), a decrease with depth mainly resulting from the time-averaging when computing accumulation rates.

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Section: Identification Of Volcanic Eruption Signals and Volcanic Chrmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Identification Of Volcanic Eruption Signals and Volcanic Chrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal distributions of surface mass balance between Concordia and Vostok stations, Antarctica, from combined radar and ice core data: first results and detailed error analysis

et al. 2018

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“…In both polar regions, the ECM ice records show that Tambora was preceded by another large (but weaker than Tambora) eruption of unknown location, which probably occurred in 1809-1810 (Delmas et al, 1992;Palmer et al, 2001;Mayewsky et al, 1990;Clausen et al, 1988). The Illimani ECM record does not show any marked signal 6 years before Tambora, i.e.…”

Section: Ecm-chemistry Relationship For the Illimani Ice Corementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Ice-core studies have demonstrated that major tropical eruptions of the past are clearly recorded in polar snow and ice, generally by their large H 2 SO 4 deposits (Hammer, 1977(Hammer, , 1980Clausen et al, 1997;Delmas et al, 1992;Palmer et al, 2001). Conversely, the acid layers of volcanic origin (H 2 SO 4 spikes) serve as reference horizons for dating polar ice cores (Schwander et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia): 1918–1998 and Tambora periods

et al. 2003

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Abstract. Acid layers of volcanic origin detected in polar snow and ice layers are commonly used to document past volcanic activity on a global scale or, conversely, to date polar ice cores. Although most cataclysmic eruptions of the last two centuries (Pinatubo, El Chichon, Agung, Krakatoa, Cosiguina, Tambora, etc.) occurred in the tropics, cold tropical glaciers have not been used for the reconstruction of past volcanism. The glaciochemical study of a 137 m ice core drilled in 1999 close to the summit of Nevado Illimani (Eastern Bolivian Andes, 16 • 37' S, 67 • 46' W, 6350 m asl) demonstrates, for the first time, that such eruptions are recorded by both their tropospheric and stratospheric deposits. An 80-year ice sequence and the Tambora years have been analyzed in detail. In several cases, ash, chloride and fluoride were also detected. The ice records of the Pinatubo (1991), Agung (1963) and Tambora (1815) eruptions are discussed in detail. The potential impact of less important regional eruptions is discussed.

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“…The ice core drilling location was at Dome Summit South (DSS), and provides overlapping ice core to the main DSS ice core (66 • 46 11 S, 112 • 48 25 E, 1370 m elevation). Ice and snow from this site have been the subjects of a large number of studies (Burn-Nunes et al, 2011;Curran et al, 1998;Etheridge et al, 1996;Palmer et al, 2001;Pedro et al, 2012;Vallelonga et al, 2002;Morgan, 1996, 2010). The flux of BC deposition at the same sampling site in Law Dome, East Antarctica has been quantified using an SP2 (Bisiaux et al, 2012).…”

Section: Ice Core Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing black carbon in rain and ice cores using coupled tangential flow filtration and transmission electron microscopy

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Antarctic ice cores have been used to study the history of black carbon (BC), but little is known with regards to the physical and chemical characteristics of these particles in the remote atmosphere. Characterization remains limited by ultra-trace concentrations in ice core samples and the lack of adequate methods to isolate the particles unaltered from the melt water. To investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of these particles, we have developed a tangential flow filtration (TFF) method combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tests using ultrapure water and polystyrene latex particle standards resulted in excellent blanks and significant particle recovery. This approach has been applied to melt water from Antarctic ice cores as well as tropical rain from Darwin, Australia with successful results: TEM analysis revealed a variety of BC particle morphologies, insoluble coatings, and the attachment of BC to mineral dust particles. The TFF-based concentration of these particles has proven to give excellent results for TEM studies of BC particles in Antarctic ice cores and can be used for future studies of insoluble aerosols in rainwater and ice core samples.

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High‐precision dating of volcanic events (A.D. 1301–1995) using ice cores from Law Dome, Antarctica

Cited by 89 publications

References 33 publications

Spatial and temporal distributions of surface mass balance between Concordia and Vostok stations, Antarctica, from combined radar and ice core data: first results and detailed error analysis

Spatial and temporal distributions of surface mass balance between Concordia and Vostok stations, Antarctica, from combined radar and ice core data: first results and detailed error analysis

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia): 1918–1998 and Tambora periods

Characterizing black carbon in rain and ice cores using coupled tangential flow filtration and transmission electron microscopy

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