High-risk research in schizophrenia: New strategies, new designs.

Phenotypic markers as risk factors in schizophrenia: neurocognitive functions

“…In contrast, schizophrenia patients are impaired on both number and shape versions of CPT‐IP and their performance is distinguished by a low hit rate and a high rate of random false alarms [25]. Research has shown that the CPT deficit in schizophrenia is independent of psychotic state [36,37] and is not a secondary effect of chronicity, severity of illness or hospitalisation [38,39]. It has been reported that while patients in remission show improved performance, they do not perform at the level of unaffected individuals; that is, there is a residual deficit [40–43].…”

Phenotypic Markers as Risk Factors in Schizophrenia: Neurocognitive Functions

“…In contrast, schizophrenia patients are impaired on both number and shape versions of CPT-IP and their performance is distinguished by a low hit rate and a high rate of random false alarms [25]. Research has shown that the CPT deficit in schizophrenia is independent of psychotic state [36,37] and is not a secondary effect of chronicity, severity of illness or hospitalisation [38,39]. It has been reported that while patients in remission show improved performance, they do not perform at the level of unaffected individuals; that is, there is a residual deficit [40–43].…”

Psychopathology and delusions: Reflections on methods and models.

“…Given that in schizophrenia, for example, there is a predicted morbidity of approximately 16% for the offspring of mothers known to have schizophrenia, the base sample necessary to ensure the emergence of an adequately large sample of future actual patients is prohibitively large and correspondingly expensive. Prospective longitudinal studies using a variety of strategies now exist in some number (e.g., Cornblatt, Obuchowski, Andreasen, & Smith, 1998;Erlenmeyer-Kimling et al, 1998;Walker, Baum, & Diforio, 1998). We may expect that the outcomes of these studies will change conceptions of the schizophrenias in important ways.…”