High-speed compression of single alginate microspheres

Wang, C.X.; Cowen, Christopher J.; Zhang, Zhibing; Thomas, C. R.

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2005.05.052

Cited by 99 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The porous structure of alginate gel with an effective pore size of 5 -150 nm [34,35] allows the water to transport via viscous flow [36], resulting in a pressure drop across the fouling layer. The corresponding drag force leads to a compressive force on the alginate gel structure in the flow direction ( Figure 4A).…”

Section: Permeate Drag Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of pressure in organic fouling in forward osmosis and reverse osmosis

Xie

Lee

Nghiem

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

181

108

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Fundamental understanding of membrane fouling in osmosis-driven membrane processes is important for further deployment of this emerging technology in desalination and wastewater reuse. In this study, we investigated the role of pressure in organic fouling and reversibility in forward osmosis (FO) and reverse osmosis (RO) using alginate as a model organic foulant. Varying contributions of pressure (i.e., osmotic versus hydraulic) to the overall driving force were realized in forward osmosis (FO), pressure-assisted FO (PFO), and reverse osmosis (RO) experiments, while the same total driving force for water permeation was applied. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to examine alginate fouling layer structure in the hydrated state, which informed two key parameters: fouling layer thickness and foulant volume. We observed that the resulting fouling layer became increasingly more compact in the order of FO, PFO, and RO experiments. Fouling layer reversibility followed the same trend, with the highest and lowest reversibility observed for the FO and RO fouling experiments, respectively. Possible mechanisms for fouling layer compaction in RO were discussed, including permeate drag force and foulant compressibility, as opposed to FO where only permeate drag force applies. Our findings suggest that pressure mechanistically alters the membrane fouling layer structure and fouling reversibility, leading to higher fouling reversibility in FO, where the driving force is osmotic pressure, than RO, where the driving force is hydraulic pressure. ABSTRACTFundamental understanding of membrane fouling in osmosis-driven membrane processes is important for further deployment of this emerging technology in desalination and wastewater reuse. In this study, we investigated the role of pressure in organic fouling and reversibility in forward osmosis (FO) and reverse osmosis (RO) using alginate as a model organic foulant.Varying contributions of pressure (i.e., osmotic versus hydraulic) to the overall driving force were realized in forward osmosis (FO), pressure-assisted FO (PFO), and reverse osmosis (RO) experiments, while the same total driving force for water permeation was applied. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to examine alginate fouling layer structure in the hydrated state, which informed two key parameters: fouling layer thickness and foulant volume.We observed that the resulting fouling layer became increasingly more compact in the order of FO, PFO, and RO experiments. Fouling layer reversibility followed the same trend, with the highest and lowest reversibility observed for the FO and RO fouling experiments, respectively.Possible mechanisms for fouling layer compaction in RO were discussed, including permeate drag force and foulant compressibility, as opposed to FO where only permeate drag force applies. Our findings suggest that pressure mechanistically alters the membrane fouling layer structure and fouling reversibility, leading to higher fouling reversibility in FO, where the driving fo...

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Section: Permeate Drag Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al [35] conducted compression tests on alginate gel microspheres and measured the temporal change in the strain.…”

Section: Compression Of Foulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of pressure in organic fouling in forward osmosis and reverse osmosis

Xie

Lee

Nghiem

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

181

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Spheres were compressed between smooth, parallel flat plates at 10 lm/s until failure and the force-displacement data collected. Hertz theory was used in a similar manner to that demonstrated by Wang et al 32 to determine the modulus (Eq. (1)).…”

Section: F Mechanical Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(vinyl alcohol)-heparin biosynthetic microspheres produced by microfluidics and ultraviolet photopolymerisation

et al. 2013

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Biosynthetic microspheres have the potential to address some of the limitations in cell microencapsulation; however, the generation of biosynthetic hydrogel microspheres has not been investigated or applied to cell encapsulation. Droplet microfluidics has the potential to produce more uniform microspheres under conditions compatible with cell encapsulation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand the effect of process parameters on biosynthetic microsphere formation, size, and morphology with a co-flow microfluidic method. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), a synthetic hydrogel and heparin, a glycosaminoglycan were chosen as the hydrogels for this study. A capillary-based microfluidic droplet generation device was used, and by varying the flow rates of both the polymer and oil phases, the viscosity of the continuous oil phase, and the interfacial surface tension, monodisperse spheres were produced from $200 to 800 lm. The size and morphology were unaffected by the addition of heparin. The modulus of spheres was 397 and 335 kPa for PVA and PVA/heparin, respectively, and this was not different from the bulk gel modulus (312 and 365 for PVA and PVA/heparin, respectively). Mammalian cells encapsulated in the spheres had over 90% viability after 24 h in both PVA and PVA/heparin microspheres. After 28 days, viability was still over 90% for PVA-heparin spheres and was significantly higher than in PVA only spheres. The use of biosynthetic hydrogels with microfluidic and UV polymerisation methods offers an improved approach to long-term cell encapsulation. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx

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“…In this study, the high compression speed that has been used in this analysis was able to minimize the time-dependent behavior [31].…”

Section: Beads Strength Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Alginate–Gum Arabic Beads for Targeted Delivery of Protein

Mohamed¹,

Mustafa²,

Fitrianto³

et al. 2017

J Biomol Res Ther

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Controlled release beads were prepared by using the combination of alginate and gum Arabic through ionotropic gelation method. Bovine serum albumin was used as model protein for in vitro assessments. The effect of amount of sodium alginate and gum Arabic as the factor affecting protein encapsulation efficiency and protein release were optimized and analyzed by using RSM-FCCD. It was observed that protein encapsulation efficiency was increased and protein release was decreased with the increase of both of the amount of sodium alginate and gum Arabic, used as polymer blend. The optimized beads showed high encapsulation efficiency (87.5 ± 3.65%) with suitable protein release (100% protein release after almost 4 hrs). The swelling of beads were highly influenced by pH of dissolution medium. These beads were also characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM and TA for protein-excipients interaction, beads surface morphology and beads strength, respectively. These calcium alginate/gum Arabic beads have good potential to be used as delivery vehicle for protein drugs.

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High-speed compression of single alginate microspheres

Cited by 99 publications

References 28 publications

Role of pressure in organic fouling in forward osmosis and reverse osmosis

Role of pressure in organic fouling in forward osmosis and reverse osmosis

Poly(vinyl alcohol)-heparin biosynthetic microspheres produced by microfluidics and ultraviolet photopolymerisation

Development of Alginate–Gum Arabic Beads for Targeted Delivery of Protein

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