High stability resistive switching mechanism of a screen-printed electrode based on BOBZBT2 organic pentamer for creatinine detection

Abstract

The resistive switching (RS) mechanism is resulted from the formation and dissolution of a conductive filament due to the electrochemical redox-reactions and can be identified with a pinched hysteresis loop on the I–V characteristic curve. In this work, the RS behaviour was demonstrated using a screen-printed electrode (SPE) and was utilized for creatinine sensing application. The working electrode (WE) of the SPE has been modified with a novel small organic molecule, 1,4-bis[2-(5-thiophene-2-yl)-1-benzothiopene]-2,5-dioctyloxybenzene (BOBzBT2). Its stability at room temperature and the presence of thiophene monomers were exploited to facilitate the cation transport and thus, affecting the high resistive state (HRS) and low resistive state (LRS) of the electrochemical cell. The sensor works based on the interference imposed by the interaction between the creatinine molecule and the radical cation of BOBzBT2 to the conductive filament during the Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) measurement. Different concentrations of BOBzBT2 dilution were evaluated using various concentrations of non-clinical creatinine samples to identify the optimised setup of the sensor. Enhanced sensitivity of the sensor was observed at a high concentration of BOBzBT2 over creatinine concentration between 0.4 and 1.6 mg dL−1—corresponding to the normal range of a healthy individual.

Third-order nonlinearity with subradiance dark-state in ultra-strong excitons and surface plasmon coupling using self-antiaggregation organic dye

“…BOBzBT 2 was prepared according to our previous work [29] and was diluted in chloroform (CHCl 3 ) solvent. One millilitre quantities of the dilutions with different BOBzBT 2 :CHCl 3 ratios (mg:ml) were spin-coated on to the Au film at 3,000 RPM for 40 s. Prior to that, a 50 nm thick Au layer was sputter deposited on a glass substrate using sputtering machine with the rate of 9 nm min −1 .…”

Resistive Switching Behavior Employing the Ipomoea carnea Plant for Biodegradable Rewritable Read-Only Memory Applications

“…Therefore, the biggest challenge to researchers is to find out alternative technology which is sustainable for the environment and at the same time that fulfills the demand of increasing data storage device requirements. In this regard, RS memory devices employing materials with biological origin as well as natural plant extract may play a crucial role. , RS memory devices employing a wide range of biomaterials including proteins, , carbohydrates, starch, biopolymers, , cellulose, enzymes, pectins, glucose, and so forth have already been studied by different research groups across the globe. On the other hand, there are few reports showing the use of natural plant materials toward realization of RS memory devices. − Properties such as moderate to high charge carrier mobility, thermal stability across a wide temperature range, and high energy band gap make natural materials an attractive choice for the functional layer of electronic devices. − …”

“…In this regard, RS memory devices employing materials with biological origin as well as natural plant extract may play a crucial role. 27,28 RS memory devices employing a wide range of biomaterials including proteins, 27,29 carbohydrates, 23 starch, 30 biopolymers, 31,32 cellulose, 33 enzymes, 34 pectins, 35 glucose, 36 and so forth have already been studied by different research groups across the globe. On the other hand, there are few reports showing the use of natural plant materials toward realization of RS memory devices.…”